The Mirror Neuron System

High-gamma mirror activity patterns in the human brain during reach-to-grasp movement observation, retention, and execution—An MEG study

“…This conjunction includes the contra-lateral antero-central sensors with highest sensitivity over ventral sensorimotor cortices, higher order somatosensory cortices, and the parietal sensors. These brain areas are in concordance with previously reported nodes in a mirror neuron network in humans [ 7 , 9 ] as well as in primates [ 47 , 48 ].…”

“…In the intervals of reach-to-grasp movement observation and execution, we found a distributed pattern of mirror-like HG activation enhancements in sensors over parietal cortex along the IPS, the inferior parietal lobule, sensorimotor-cortex and more ventral, higher order somatomotor-cortices. This pattern is in concordance with previously described mirror neuron sites [ 47 ] and includes brain areas of the reach-and-grasp execution pathways [ 12 , 53 ]. Moreover, aligning the HG timeseries to the grasp placement instead of the trial onset, revealed additional sensors with mirror-like HG modulations over central areas (see Fig 4A middle panel) in the interval just prior to the grasp.…”

High-gamma mirror activity patterns in the human brain during reach-to-grasp movement observation, retention, and execution—An MEG study

“…This conjunction includes the contra-lateral antero-central sensors with highest sensitivity over ventral sensorimotor cortices, higher order somatosensory cortices, and the parietal sensors. These brain areas are in concordance with previously reported nodes in a mirror neuron network in humans [ 7 , 9 ] as well as in primates [ 47 , 48 ].…”

“…In the intervals of reach-to-grasp movement observation and execution, we found a distributed pattern of mirror-like HG activation enhancements in sensors over parietal cortex along the IPS, the inferior parietal lobule, sensorimotor-cortex and more ventral, higher order somatomotor-cortices. This pattern is in concordance with previously described mirror neuron sites [ 47 ] and includes brain areas of the reach-and-grasp execution pathways [ 12 , 53 ]. Moreover, aligning the HG timeseries to the grasp placement instead of the trial onset, revealed additional sensors with mirror-like HG modulations over central areas (see Fig 4A middle panel) in the interval just prior to the grasp.…”

Motor resonance is modulated by an object’s weight distribution

“…Our findings suggest that CSE modulation during observation was driven by the object’s weight distribution as potentially indicated by digit positioning and object roll (i.e., inappropriate compensatory torque). During lift planning, CSE was similarly modulated by the object’s weight distribution indicating, in line with previous research (for a review see Cattaneo & Rizzolatti, 2009), that the same neural mechansisms are involved in CSE modulation during lift observation and planning. As such, our findings provide further support that the motor system is involved in the observation and planning of hand-object interactions.…”

Effect of Task-Based Mirror Therapy on Motor Recovery of the Upper Extremity in Chronic Stroke Patients: A Pilot Study

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High-gamma mirror activity patterns in the human brain during reach-to-grasp movement observation, retention, and execution—An MEG study

“…This conjunction includes the contra-lateral antero-central sensors with highest sensitivity over ventral sensorimotor cortices, higher order somatosensory cortices, and the parietal sensors. These brain areas are in concordance with previously reported nodes in a mirror neuron network in humans [ 7 , 9 ] as well as in primates [ 47 , 48 ].…”

“…In the intervals of reach-to-grasp movement observation and execution, we found a distributed pattern of mirror-like HG activation enhancements in sensors over parietal cortex along the IPS, the inferior parietal lobule, sensorimotor-cortex and more ventral, higher order somatomotor-cortices. This pattern is in concordance with previously described mirror neuron sites [ 47 ] and includes brain areas of the reach-and-grasp execution pathways [ 12 , 53 ]. Moreover, aligning the HG timeseries to the grasp placement instead of the trial onset, revealed additional sensors with mirror-like HG modulations over central areas (see Fig 4A middle panel) in the interval just prior to the grasp.…”

Motor resonance is modulated by an object’s weight distribution

“…Our findings suggest that CSE modulation during observation was driven by the object’s weight distribution as potentially indicated by digit positioning and object roll (i.e., inappropriate compensatory torque). During lift planning, CSE was similarly modulated by the object’s weight distribution indicating, in line with previous research (for a review see Cattaneo & Rizzolatti, 2009), that the same neural mechansisms are involved in CSE modulation during lift observation and planning. As such, our findings provide further support that the motor system is involved in the observation and planning of hand-object interactions.…”

Effect of Task-Based Mirror Therapy on Motor Recovery of the Upper Extremity in Chronic Stroke Patients: A Pilot Study

“……”

High-gamma mirror activity patterns in the human brain during reach-to-grasp movement observation, retention, and execution—An MEG study

“…This conjunction includes the contra-lateral antero-central sensors with highest sensitivity over ventral sensorimotor cortices, higher order somatosensory cortices, and the parietal sensors. These brain areas are in concordance with previously reported nodes in a mirror neuron network in humans [ 7 , 9 ] as well as in primates [ 47 , 48 ].…”

“…In the intervals of reach-to-grasp movement observation and execution, we found a distributed pattern of mirror-like HG activation enhancements in sensors over parietal cortex along the IPS, the inferior parietal lobule, sensorimotor-cortex and more ventral, higher order somatomotor-cortices. This pattern is in concordance with previously described mirror neuron sites [ 47 ] and includes brain areas of the reach-and-grasp execution pathways [ 12 , 53 ]. Moreover, aligning the HG timeseries to the grasp placement instead of the trial onset, revealed additional sensors with mirror-like HG modulations over central areas (see Fig 4A middle panel) in the interval just prior to the grasp.…”

Motor resonance is modulated by an object’s weight distribution

“…Our findings suggest that CSE modulation during observation was driven by the object’s weight distribution as potentially indicated by digit positioning and object roll (i.e., inappropriate compensatory torque). During lift planning, CSE was similarly modulated by the object’s weight distribution indicating, in line with previous research (for a review see Cattaneo & Rizzolatti, 2009), that the same neural mechansisms are involved in CSE modulation during lift observation and planning. As such, our findings provide further support that the motor system is involved in the observation and planning of hand-object interactions.…”

Effect of Task-Based Mirror Therapy on Motor Recovery of the Upper Extremity in Chronic Stroke Patients: A Pilot Study

“……”