The Mini-Cog, Clock Drawing Test, and Three-Item Recall Test: Rapid Cognitive Screening Tools with Comparable Performance in Detecting Mild NCD in Older Patients

Limpawattana, Panita; Manjavong, Manchumad

doi:10.3390/geriatrics6030091

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…This study provided evidence to support the use of simple neuropsychological testing to differentiate cognitive performance among older adults without and with MCI. These tests are reliable, valid and easy to administer in the community setting ( Baiyewu et al, 2005 ; Schmidtke and Olbrich, 2007 ; Limpawattana and Manjavong, 2021 ). Furthermore, our results demonstrated an early decline in cognitive inhibition; thus, we suggest that screening and prevention should begin in early adults to prevent or slow the decline in cognitive inhibition in older adults and its progression to MCI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The age differences and effect of mild cognitive impairment on perceptual-motor and executive functions

et al. 2022

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It is unclear whether the decline in executive function (EF) and perceptual-motor function (PMF) found in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the result of a normal aging process or due to MCI. This study aimed to determine age-related and MCI-related cognitive impairments of the EF and PMF. The EF and PMF were investigated across four groups of 240 participants, 60 in each group, including early adult, middle adult, older adult, and older adult with probable MCI. The EF, working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility were evaluated using digit span backward tasks, the Stroop color-word test, and the modified switching verbal fluency test, respectively. The PMF, visual perception, visuoconstructional reasoning, and perceptual-motor coordination were evaluated using the clock reading test, stick design test, and stick catching test, respectively. Group differences were found for all subdomains of EF and PMF (p < 0.05), except for perceptual-motor coordination, indicating that this subdomain could be maintained in older adults and was not affected by MCI. For the age difference, working memory, cognitive flexibility, visual perception, and visuoconstructional reasoning remained stable across middle adults and started to decline in older adults, while cognitive inhibition began to decrease in middle adults and it further declined in older adults. To control the confounding effect of education level, the results showed that only cognitive flexibility was further decreased in older adults with probable MCI compared to those without MCI (p < 0.05). In conclusion, cognitive inhibition decreased earlier in middle adults, whereas EF and PMF started to decline in older adults. Cognitive flexibility was the only MCI-sensitive cognitive function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The age differences and effect of mild cognitive impairment on perceptual-motor and executive functions

et al. 2022

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“…The participants of this study were recruited from data from the “The performance of the Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS), Recall test, and Mini-Cog in the screening of mild cognitive impairment” project [ 28 , 29 ], which was conducted during January 2020 and March 2021 at an outpatient setting of the department of Internal Medicine of the Srinagarind University Hospital, Khon Kaen University, Thailand. Subjects were older patients aged ≥60 years by Thai definition without evident acute illness that could influence the performance of the Thai version of RUDAS (RUDAS-Thai) and the MoCA (MoCA-Thai), for example, delirium, infection, acute cerebrovascular disease, and acute heart attack.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can RUDAS Be an Alternate Test for Detecting Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults, Thailand?

2021

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The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is the commonly used cognitive test for detecting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in Thailand. Nevertheless, cultural biases and educational levels influence its performance. The Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) seems to lower the limitation of the MoCA. This study aimed to compare the performance of the RUDAS and the MoCA for the diagnosis of MCI and demonstrate the correlation between them. A cross-sectional study of 150 older participants from the outpatient setting of the Internal Medicine Department, Srinagarind Hospital, Thailand was recruited during January 2020 and March 2021. The diagnostic properties in detecting MCI of the RUDAS and the MoCA were compared. MCI was diagnosed in 42 cases (28%). The AUC for both RUDAS (0.82, 95% CI 0.75–0.89) and MoCA (0.80, 95% CI 0.72–0.88) were similar. A score of 25/30 provided the best cut-off point for the RUDAS (sensitivity 76.2%, specificity 75%) and a score of 19/30 for the MoCA had sensitivity and specificity of 76.2% and 71.3%. The Spearman’s correlation coefficient between both tests was 0.6. In conclusion, the RUDAS-Thai could be an option for MCI screening. It was correlated moderately to the MoCA.

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“…It, however, is a good tool to detect cognitive impairment. In addition, the recent study regarding the Mini-Cog test in Thai showed that it had acceptable performance and was not affected by education [35]. Therefore, this study used "cognitive impairment" rather than "dementia."…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Impairment in Thalassemia and Associated Factors

Limpawattana

Juntararuangtong

Teawtrakul

et al. 2022

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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Introduction: Patients with thalassemia increase the risk of developing cognitive impairment. Chronic anemia, oxidative stress from excess iron, and hypercoagulable state were related to this condition. The study regarding its prevalence and the associated factor in Southeast Asia is limited. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cognitive impairment and associated factors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of thalassemic patients aged 18 years or more at the Hematology Clinic of Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University, Thailand, from January to May 2021. The Thai version of the Mini-Cog test was used to determine the presence of cognitive impairment. The clinical and laboratory parameters indicated as potential risk factors for dementia were evaluated in all patients. A stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to determine the associated risk factors for cognitive impairment. Results: Among 150 patients, cognitive impairment was found in 40 patients (26.7%). Age per 10-year increase (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] of 1.6), no iron chelation therapy (AOR of 9.8), current smoking (AOR of 5.0), hemoglobin (Hb) (AOR of 0.63), and ferritin (AOR of 1.0001) were independent factors associated with cognitive impairment. Conclusions: The prevalence of cognitive impairment was high among thalassemic patients. Increasing age, low Hb, iron overload, and current smoking were significant associated factors with cognitive impairment. Screening for dementia in these patients is recommended, particularly in patients with high-risk factors.

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The Mini-Cog, Clock Drawing Test, and Three-Item Recall Test: Rapid Cognitive Screening Tools with Comparable Performance in Detecting Mild NCD in Older Patients

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

The age differences and effect of mild cognitive impairment on perceptual-motor and executive functions

The age differences and effect of mild cognitive impairment on perceptual-motor and executive functions

Can RUDAS Be an Alternate Test for Detecting Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults, Thailand?

Cognitive Impairment in Thalassemia and Associated Factors

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