The Middle Jurassic basinal deposits of the Surmeh Formation in the Central Zagros Mountains, southwest Iran: facies, sequence stratigraphy, and controls

Lasemi, Yaghoob; Jalilian, Ali Hussein

doi:10.1007/s13146-010-0032-3

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…According to the study of Lasemi and Jalilian (2010) on the “lower shaley unit” of the Surmeh Formation (the Sargelu Formation equivalent) in SW Iran, structural reactivation of the Mountain Front Fault during the Middle Jurassic led to the development of a NE facing platform margin and the establishment of the “Pars intrashelf basin.” The Pars intrashelf basin in SW Iran can be considered the time‐equivalent of HIB in NW Iran and SIB (Sargelu intrashelf basin) in the Kurdistan region, both probably formed under the influence of similar factors. In the Hawraman area, the extensional forces and the resulting subsidence together with a long‐term transgressive sea‐level trend during the Middle Jurassic (Haq & Al‐Qahtani, 2005; Sharland et al, 2001), resulted in a major increase in the accommodation space as well as spatio‐lateral facies variations across the basin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the extensive Aalenian hiatus, the Bajocian–Bathonian sequences on most parts of the Arabian Plate were mainly deposited in shallow, warm‐water ramp settings. However, to the west and south, due to clastic entry, siliciclastic environments developed, and to the N and NW, the Hawraman, Sargelu, Pars, and Arabian (or Hanifa) intrashelf basins developed (Al‐Husseini, 1997; Hughes, 2004; Lasemi & Jalilian, 2010; Sharland et al, 2001; Ziegler, 2001). After the peak of extensional deformation caused by the eastern Mediterranean rifting in the transition from Early to Middle Jurassic, post‐rift thermal subsidence from the Bajocian to Middle Oxfordian (e.g., Al‐Mojel et al, 2020; Hughes, 2004; Le Nindre et al, 2003) was a key factor in the development of intrashelf basin deposits in Saudi Arabia (Dhruma, Tuwaiq Mountain and Hanifa formations).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the study of Lasemi and Jalilian (2010) the Middle Jurassic (Haq & Al-Qahtani, 2005;Sharland et al, 2001), resulted in a major increase in the accommodation space as well as spatio-lateral facies variations across the basin. This combination along with a reduced siliciclastic input to the marginal basins of the Western Tethys and Atlantic (Golonka & Ford, 2000;Golonka & Krobicki, 2004) led to a larger volume accommodation space and the development of anoxic trough environments with organic-rich intervals reflected in the TR1-TR3 facies cycles of the Sargelu Formation.…”

Section: Middle Jurassicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In HIB, the skeletal components in redeposited material of these calciturbidite units are completely different from other similar basins, for example, the Pars intrashelf basin. The presence of shallow-water platform components in the calciturbidites of the "lower shaley unit" of the "Pars intrashelf basin," the southern Persian Gulf area and Saudi Arabia, together with the thinning of the calciturbidite units toward the NE points to the existence of a sediment source at their SW platform margin or faulted footwall highs (Lasemi & Jalilian, 2010). On the contrary, the absence of shallow-water skeletal components in the TR1-TR3 facies cycles indicates that waves or turbidity currents and their resultant redeposited material did not originate from the mentioned origin.…”

Section: Middle Jurassicmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Palaeogeographic reconstruction and sequence architecture of the middle‐upper Jurassic successions of Hawraman Basin (NW Iran): Implications for tectono‐depositional processes of the northeastern passive margin of the Arabian Plate

2022

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The middle‐upper Jurassic successions (Sargelu, Najmah, and Gotnia formations) of the NW sector of the Zagros Mountain belt are studied to generate a sequence stratigraphic model that helps to understand the Jurassic tectono‐depositional processes and palaeogeographic reconstructions of the northeastern passive margin of the Arabian Plate. The major geological structures observed in northwestern Iran indicate the predominance of an extensional deformation during the Toarcian to Aalenian owing to the eastern Mediterranean rifting. This extensional regime reached its maximum from the Early to Middle Jurassic, causing the fragmentation/drowning of the long‐lived Triassic to Early Jurassic carbonate platform and the development of the Hawraman intrashelf basin (HIB). Associated changes in marine current dynamics, trophic conditions, and degree of substrate oxygenation led to the bloom of oligotypical biota (Bositra limestones) creating unfavourable conditions for the development of other benthic communities (Sargelu Formation). Later, from the Callovian to Oxfordian, changes in carbonate production types (switch from the Bositra filament facies to the stromatolitic‐thrombolitic boundstones) remarkably decreased the dip angle of the depositional profile (Najmah Formation). A second‐order tectono‐eustatic cycle (a major long‐term transgressive/regressive [T/R] cycle) including six minor short‐term T/R facies cycles (TR1–TR6) is identified in the study area. The development of the T/R facies cycles during the Middle Jurassic (TR1–TR3; give‐up sequences; Sargelu Formation) as a result of combined global eustatic transgression and linear subsidence resulted in drowning and backstepping of the platform. In contrast, the short‐term cycles that developed in the upper Jurassic (TR4–TR6; keep‐up sequences; Najmah and Gotnia formations), following a sea‐level fall, resulted in progressive shallowing of the carbonate platform. This study suggests that extensional deformation of the area reached its peak in the transition of the Early to Middle Jurassic, leading to the creation of HIB, but either decreased or played a subordinate role to eustatic sea‐level variations during the deposition of the TR1–TR3 facies cycles (Bajocian‐Callovian). Changes in tectonic regime from an extensional deformation (Early Jurassic) to cooling subsidence (Middle Jurassic), accompanied by a long‐term transgressive sea‐level trend during the Middle Jurassic, were important factors in the development of anoxic trough environments with the deposition of organic‐rich intervals, represented by the TR1–TR3 facies cycles. Tectonic instability (tectonic uplift plus considerable differential subsidence due to the reactivation of faults) in the eastern margin of the Arabian platform during the Late Jurassic led to the development of the TR4–TR6 facies cycles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%