The Method of Least Squares

Wolberg, John R.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-11589-9_3

Cited by 17 publications

References 4 publications

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“…Figure 4 presents the relationships that occur between the physical characteristics of the cementitious composites tested for the entire population of results. The linear regression equations were calculated using the least squares method (LSM) [49,50]. Three statistical indicators were used to assess the quality of the fit of the regression lines to the empirical data: R 2 —the coefficient of determination, S e —the standard error of estimation, and W —the coefficient of random variation [51].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Fragmented, Worn-Out Car Side Windows as an Aggregate for Cementitious Composites

Szeląg

Zegardło²,

Andrzejuk³

2019

Materials

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The paper describes a new model of concrete production, which contains a glass cullet. A worn-out car side window have been used for the production of recycled glass aggregate (RGA) and its properties were examined. The RGA was used in concrete as a 50% and 100% mass substitute of the traditional aggregate. Basic tests of fresh concrete mix and hardened concrete were carried out. The consistency, the air content in the concrete mix, the density of hardened concrete, water absorption, water resistance, frost resistance, and the compressive strength (after 9, 28, and 90 days) were evaluated. Composite samples were also subjected to microscopic analysis. The results showed that the RGA can be recommended as an aggregate for concretes, and the features of the RGA concrete are more favorable than those of traditional concrete. The microscopic analyses allowed us to identify the reasons for improving the properties of the RGA composites.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Fragmented, Worn-Out Car Side Windows as an Aggregate for Cementitious Composites

Szeląg

Zegardło²,

Andrzejuk³

2019

Materials

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“…The average clump trajectory contained between 4 and 65 instances with an average of 16 instances. Both streamwise and wall‐normal velocities decrease with increasing clump size as indicated by the logarithmic least squares fits (e.g., Wolberg 2006). The constants of the fits and associated standard errors are provided in Fig.…”

Section: Pollen Release Advection and Depositionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Measurement of pollen clump release and breakup in the vicinity of ragweed (A. confertiflora) staminate flowers

2012

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Pollen dispersal is fundamental in a plant's reproductive ecology and as a result of fragmentation of the landscape, questions have been raised on how isolated plant populations can still exchange genetic information. A common mechanism for gene exchange is wind pollination (anemophily). A successful anemophilous species native to North America is ragweed (Ambrosia), a weed that is hard to eradicate after it takes root on crop fields and its pollen causes very strong allergenic effects (hay fever). Despite the extremely clumpy nature of ragweed pollen that should limit its long distance dispersal, ragweed has spread rapidly across the world during the last century while maintaining a high genetic diversity. One of the reasons for its success may be prolific pollen production as well as an efficient pollen clump release and breakup mechanism. Efficient pollen entrainment and dispersal into the atmosphere is highly influenced by flow field characteristics as pollen released into the atmosphere initially encounters flow structures created by the plant's morphology. Here, the flow field in the wake of a mature ragweed spike having multiple staminate flowers as well as pollen release was studied using Particle Image Velocimetry and high‐speed, inline holographic cinematography. The latter enabled to track the pollen in a 3D volume. The spike was set up in a wind tunnel and exposed to wind speeds ranging from 1 to 2 m/s. Results indicated that ragweed pollen was released in multiple sized clumps containing tens to several thousand single grains. Clumps were both “pulled apart” at the point of entrainment while exiting the flowers as well as broke up in smaller sized clumps in high shear rate flow regions not far from the spike. In addition, the largest clumps that did not travel far, deposited in the vicinity of the spike, breaking apart into many small clumps upon deposition. Based on our results, initial release and dispersal of ragweed pollen clumps is characterized by three concomitant mechanisms of clump breakup occurring at entrainment, in mid‐air and on deposition, which make it perfectly suited to disperse pollen over a wide range of spatial scales.

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“…The method is best in the sense that the parameters determined by the least squares analysis are normally distributed about the true parameters with the least possible standard deviations (Wolberg, 2006).…”

Section: Algorithm and Code For Lad Estimator 756mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Alternative Algorithm and R Programming Implementation for Least Absolute Deviation Estimator of the Linear Regression Models

Ogundele¹,

Mbegbu²,

Nwosu³

2016

J. Mod. App. Stat. Meth.

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The Method of Least Squares

Cited by 17 publications

References 4 publications

The Use of Fragmented, Worn-Out Car Side Windows as an Aggregate for Cementitious Composites

The Use of Fragmented, Worn-Out Car Side Windows as an Aggregate for Cementitious Composites

Measurement of pollen clump release and breakup in the vicinity of ragweed (A. confertiflora) staminate flowers

An Alternative Algorithm and R Programming Implementation for Least Absolute Deviation Estimator of the Linear Regression Models

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