The magnitude and associated Factors of Postoperative Trichiasis among adults who underwent Trachomatous Trichiasis Surgery in Ambassel District, North-East Ethiopia

Abstract

Background In Trachoma endemic countries, many people who underwent Trichiasis surgery faced a recurrence of the disease. Postoperative Trichiasis is a significant problem for patients and health care providers because it puts the eye at renewed risk of sight loss. Despite the low utilization of Trachomatous Trichiasis (TT) surgery and high recurrence rate, evidences that elucidate why TT recurs after surgery are limited. This study was aimed to assess the magnitude and associated factors of postoperative Trichiasis among 18 years and above individuals who underwent Trachomatous Trichiasis surgery between 2006 and 2011 Ethiopian Fiscal year in Ambassel District, North-East Ethiopia, 2020. Methods The community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from March 10 to March 23/2020 in selected kebeles of Ambassel District. The required sample size was calculated using EPI-INFO Version 7. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to employ a total of 506 individuals. Data were collected through the interviewer-administered structured pre-tested questionnaire and entered into EpiData version 3.1 and then exported to SPSS version 23.0. Bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to identify associated factors of Trachomatous Trichiasis recurrence. Results Four hundred ninety two individuals participated in this study with response rate of 97.2%. In Ambassel district the prevalence of postoperative Trichiasis was 23.8% (95%CI = 19.9–27.8). Among associated factors of postoperative Trichiasis age 50–59 AOR = 3.34 (CI = 1.38–8.1), 60–69 AOR = 3.24(CI = 1.38–7.61), ≥ 70 years AOR = 6.04 (CI = 2.23–16.41), duration since surgery AOR = 1.7(CI = 1.35–2.14), complication AOR = 2.98(CI = 1.24–7.2), washing the face two times AOR = 0.25(CI = 0.13–0.47), washing the face three and more times AOR = 0.1(CI = 0.41 − 0.25), taking Azithromycin following surgery AOR = 0.19(CI = 0.09–0.41), pre-operative epilation history AOR = 2.11, (CI = 1.14, 3.9)and having a knowledge about TrachomaTtrichiasis AOR = 0.21(CI = 0.08–0.58) showed a statistical significant association. Conclusions The prevalence of postoperative Trichiasis in Ambassel District was higher than most Ethiopian studies. Age, frequency of face washing, medication following surgery, duration since the last surgery, knowledge about trachoma, pre-operative epilation history and complication after surgery were identified to be independent factors. To minimize postoperative Trichiasis stakeholders need to consider health education for patients, provision of Azithromycin after surgery and proper training for IECWs.

Retracted: Prevalence of active trachoma infection and associated factors post‐war resettled population in raya kobo districts, North East Ethiopia: A community‐based cross‐sectional study in 2022

“…In a multivariable analysis of this study, individuals who practice regularly washed face were 77% (AOR = 0.23, 95%CI; 0.127‐‐0.43) times preventing the likely hood of getting active trachoma infection as compared with the counter group. This is consistent with findings reported in Awi‐Zone, Southwest Ethiopia, 35,36 Howassa City, 11 and South Sudan 37 . This might be significantly associated with the fact that an unclean face could be more likely to spread ocular secretions infected with C. trachomatis and highly susceptible to the risk of developing 15 …”

Exploring multi-level risk factors and post-war burdens of trachomatous trichiasis among displaced population in Raya Kobo districts, implication for urgent action

“…This makes the overall prevalence of TT infection be 15.6% (95%CI: 13.35%-19.25%). This finding is consistent with the previous finding in East Gojam 18.6% [31] , and 17.8% reported in their clustered Zone in North Wollo [32][33][34] . This may be due to similarities in socio-economic and demographic characteristics of the study population since all studies were conducted in the same geographic and climatic zone of North Wollo Zone.…”

“…Emphasis was given to designing questionnaires on the objective of the study and explained to data collectors. A pretest was undertaken on 5% [32] of our final sample at the Habru site with the prepared structured questionnaire before the actual data collection started and the amendment was made to the format. Two data collectors (IECW) and two medical doctor's supervisors had trained for two days on the objective of the study and the contents, consents, and objectives of the research.…”

Postoperative trachomatous trichiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis study

“…PTT should be emphasised because reoperation has a higher risk of surgical failure than the primary operation, increasing the risk of blindness. 12 The risk factors for PTT include the severity of trichiasis at baseline, conjunctival inflammation at the follow-up, female gender and a high-risk area of residence. 13–15 Overall, PTT is related in part to the surgical skill of the surgeon.…”