The lysozyme of the plaice Pleuronectes platessa L.

Seasonal trends in serum lysozyme activity and total protein concentration in dab (Limanda limandaL.) sampled from Lyme Bay, U.K.

“…The patterns of the observations in dab are in general agreement with the seasonal trends in North Sea plaice serum lysozyme activity (Fletcher & White, 1976), although details of the spawning status, body condition and sea temperature were not reported during the latter study. Future studies of this nature should ideally aim to obtain larger sample sizes and extend over longer time periods than were possible during the current investigation.…”

“…In general, the lowest values were observed in fish examined during February and March (sea temperature 8·5-8·9 C) and the highest values were observed during September-October (sea temperature 16·7-16·9 C). Using the same approach as Fletcher & White (1976), monthly lysozyme activity data were compared statistically using the maximal data collected during September 1993 as the reference month. On this basis, there were significant reductions in serum lysozyme activity in November 1992, and during the period January-August 1993 (Steel's test,P<0·05).…”

“…Although the kidney appears to be the major site of lysozyme activity in teleosts, the blood is recommended as a more practical, less variable tissue for monitoring lysozyme activity in fish (Lie et al, 1989;Mock & Peters, 1990). Indeed, such monitoring studies suggest evidence of seasonal variations in serum lysozyme activity from selected species of marine fish such as the North Sea plaice (Pleuronectes platessa L.) (Fletcher & White, 1976).…”

Exogenous lysozyme influencesClostridium perfringenscolonization and intestinal barrier function in broiler chickens

“…Two structurally distinct forms of lysozyme are found in vertebrates, chicken-type (c) and goose-type (g) (Short et al, 1996). In fish, lysozyme g is present in macrophages, neutrophils, and eosinophilic granular cells in skin epidermis and intestine (Fletcher & White, 1976;Sveinbjørnsson et al, 1996). In higher vertebrates, lysozyme c is present in polymorphonuclear and mononuclear phagocytes, and in Paneth cells, which are specialized intestinal epithelial cells (Keshav et al, 1991;Dohrman et al, 1994).…”

Season and physiological parameters modulate salmonid leucocyte androgen receptor affinity and abundance

“…This pattern, and the very nature of ectothermic metabolism, has led many researchers to investigate the role of temperature in the seasonal variation of immune response. Temperature has been shown to a#ect T and B cell function (Bly & Clem, 1991), antibody production (Plumb et al, 1986;Burreson & Frizzell, 1986), and has been implicated in serum lysozyme (Fletcher & White, 1976) and C-reactive protein (White et al, 1983) fluctuations. Studies which have demonstrated seasonal di#erences in immune response even when temperature remained constant (Nakanishi, 1986;Slater & Schreck, 1993) suggest that other factors, such as photoperiod, may be important.…”