The low prevalence of high levels of expressed emotion in Bali

Kurihara, Toshiyuki; Kato, Masaaki; Tsukahara, Tomoko; Takano, Y.; Reverger, Robert

doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(00)00143-8

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In this study, a majority of participants had experienced low EE (58%), which is in contrast to findings from other countries, such as Japan and Pakistan (10,13). However similar low experience of EE has been reported from some other countries such as Bali (11). These differences in the prevalence of the level of EE may be due to differences in socio-cultural backgrounds, and warrants further detailed exploration.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

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Expressed emotion, medication adherence and association with disease prognosis in patients with schizophrenia at Teaching Hospital, Anuradhapura

Ellepola¹,

Abayaweera²

2020

Sri Lanka J. Psyc.

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BackgroundHigh expressed emotion is a robust predictor of relapse in schizophrenia. In spite of significant involvement of the family in caring for mentally ill in Sri Lanka, studies on expressed emotion in Sri Lanka are limited. AimsTo explore associations between high expressed emotion, treatment adherence, and the number of relapses needing admission among patients diagnosed to have schizophrenia who were managed at Teaching Hospital, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. MethodsA cross sectional study was conducted among a sample of 170 patients with schizophrenia and their primary caregivers. The Level of Expressed Emotion questionnaire was used to assess for high expressed emotion. ResultsFemales constituted 52% of the participants. Mean age was 40 years. Most were married, unemployed and had poor treatment adherence. Low expressed emotion was reported by 58% of the study population. The primary caregiver was most often a married female, with a mean age 51 years. Patients who experienced high expressed emotion and had poor treatment adherence had a higher number of relapses (p<0.01). Expressed emotion, illness duration and compliance were independent risk factors for relapse (p<0.05). Gender and living with primary caregiver did not significantly predict relapse. ConclusionsThe findings of this study were consistent with previous research findings. High expressed emotion, mainly due to hostile attitudes towards illness, and poor medication adherence were associated with frequency of relapses in a group of Sri Lankan patients with schizophrenia. Further research is needed to explore cultural and geographic differences.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

“…However, only few studies have studied this aspect in Asia (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). A study from North India confirmed the association between relapse of schizophrenia and high EE in the family, but only the association between hostility and relapse was statistically significant (9).…”

Section: Abstract: Expressed Emotions Treatment Adherence Schizophmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expressed emotion, medication adherence and association with disease prognosis in patients with schizophrenia at Teaching Hospital, Anuradhapura

Ellepola¹,

Abayaweera²

2020

Sri Lanka J. Psyc.

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“…Presentation of depressive symptoms indeed differs across Western and non‐Western countries (Hanck et al ., ; Sen and Williams, ; Ohishi and Kamijima, ; Chowdhury et al ., ; Lueboonthavatchai and Thavichachart, ). In Indonesia, and particularly Javanese culture, the sociocultural norm is to control emotions (Kurihara et al ., ; Breugelmans and Poortinga, ; Nichter et al ., ; Subandi, ). The assessment of depressed mood and insight in depression by a direct question, as in the HDRS, may not fit such a culture (Ohishi and Kamijima, ; Lueboonthavatchai and Thavichachart, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excellent reliability of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-21) in Indonesia after training

Istriana

Kurnia

Weijers

et al. 2013

Asia-Pacific Psychiatry

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“…Data gained was finally analyzed using descriptive qualitative method (See. Kurihara, et. al: 2000;Suarta, 2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Balinese Speech System Towards Speaker Social Behavior

Suwija¹,

Suarta²,

Suparsa

et al. 2019

HSSR

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Purpose of the study: The current study was intended to know the Balinese language had a unique speech system levels referred to anggah-ungguh basa, unlike the Indonesian language and the ethical-moral values of the Balinese speech system that positively impacts the social behaviour toward their speakers. Methodology: The present study was a qualitative study that was applied to the structuralism theory. The data were obtained through library research using the note-taking technique. The data collected were analyzed using the analytical descriptive method. Main Findings: There were unique Balinese speech system consists of the fifteen ethical-moral values: (1) religious, (2) honest, (3) tolerant, (4) discipline, (5) creative, (6) democratic, (7) wondering, (8) homeland loving, (9) friendship/communicative, (10) peace-loving, (11) awareness, and (12) responsible. Applications of this study: This study can be useful to the social behavior regarded the way of speaking based on the speech level. Novelty: The uniqueness was due to the respectful attitude of their speakers to one another.

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The low prevalence of high levels of expressed emotion in Bali

Cited by 19 publications

References 33 publications

Expressed emotion, medication adherence and association with disease prognosis in patients with schizophrenia at Teaching Hospital, Anuradhapura

Expressed emotion, medication adherence and association with disease prognosis in patients with schizophrenia at Teaching Hospital, Anuradhapura

Excellent reliability of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-21) in Indonesia after training

Balinese Speech System Towards Speaker Social Behavior

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