The life cycle and morphology of Nematopsis ostrearum, sp. Nov. a gregarine parasite of the mud crab and oyster

Prytherch, Herbert F.

doi:10.1002/jmor.1050660106

Cited by 33 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…This is consistent with the fact that this particular bivalve ( Lucinoma aequizonata ) is a direct deposit feeder [60]. Even though it is known that porosporids use bivalve species as intermediate hosts, their developmental stages in the bivalves are found in the blood not in the intestine [64]–[65]; moreover, the sequences in question are associated with the subclade containing the Cephaloidophoridae not with the subclade of putative porosporids. The sequences found in the plankton samples could have come from planktonic crustaceans (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Identification of a Divergent Environmental DNA Sequence Clade Using the Phylogeny of Gregarine Parasites (Apicomplexa) from Crustacean Hosts

et al. 2011

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BackgroundEnvironmental SSU rDNA surveys have significantly improved our understanding of microeukaryotic diversity. Many of the sequences acquired using this approach are closely related to lineages previously characterized at both morphological and molecular levels, making interpretation of these data relatively straightforward. Some sequences, by contrast, appear to be phylogenetic orphans and are sometimes inferred to represent “novel lineages” of unknown cellular identity. Consequently, interpretation of environmental DNA surveys of cellular diversity rely on an adequately comprehensive database of DNA sequences derived from identified species. Several major taxa of microeukaryotes, however, are still very poorly represented in these databases, and this is especially true for diverse groups of single-celled parasites, such as gregarine apicomplexans.Methodology/Principal FindingsThis study attempts to address this paucity of DNA sequence data by characterizing four different gregarine species, isolated from the intestines of crustaceans, at both morphological and molecular levels: Thiriotia pugettiae sp. n. from the graceful kelp crab (Pugettia gracilis), Cephaloidophora cf. communis from two different species of barnacles (Balanus glandula and B. balanus), Heliospora cf. longissima from two different species of freshwater amphipods (Eulimnogammarus verrucosus and E. vittatus), and Heliospora caprellae comb. n. from a skeleton shrimp (Caprella alaskana). SSU rDNA sequences were acquired from isolates of these gregarine species and added to a global apicomplexan alignment containing all major groups of gregarines characterized so far. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of these data demonstrated that all of the gregarines collected from crustacean hosts formed a very strongly supported clade with 48 previously unidentified environmental DNA sequences.Conclusions/SignificanceThis expanded molecular phylogenetic context enabled us to establish a major clade of intestinal gregarine parasites and infer the cellular identities of several previously unidentified environmental SSU rDNA sequences, including several sequences that have formerly been discussed broadly in the literature as a suspected “novel” lineage of eukaryotes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Identification of a Divergent Environmental DNA Sequence Clade Using the Phylogeny of Gregarine Parasites (Apicomplexa) from Crustacean Hosts

et al. 2011

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“…The first detailed description of a Nematopsis species in commercial bivalves was probably that of N. ostrearum by Prytherch (1938). This author made extensive field observations, and suggested that N. ostrearum might have played an important role in oyster mass mortalities along the Atlantic Coast and in the Gulf of Mexico (Prytherch 1940). More recently, interest in Nematopsis spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Nematopsis spp. oocysts in 7 species of bivalves from Chonburi Province, Gulf of Thailand

Tuntiwaranuruk¹,

Chalermwat²,

Upatham³

et al. 2004

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…The majority of oocysts, referred to as spores by Sprague (1970), of almost all Nematopsis sp. have been described by light microscopy (Sato et al 1996; Sprague 1949, 1970) or illustrated by schematic drawings based on light microscopy (Belofastova 1996; Hatt 1927; Prytherch 1938, 1940; Sprague 1970). Only a few have been studied by TEM (Azevedo and Cachola 1992; Azevedo and Matos 1999; Padovan et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nematopsis gigas n. sp. (Apicomplexa), a Parasite of Nerita ascencionis (Gastropoda, Neritidae) from Brazil

Azevedo

Padovan

2004

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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A new species of Nematopsis (Apicomplexa, Porosporidae) is described from the mantle tissues of the seawater gastropod, Nerita ascencionis (Neritidae), collected in the Atlantic North off the coast of "Fernando de Noronha" Island (3 degrees 47' 57'' S, 32 degrees 25' 12'' W) situated about 350 km from the northeast coast of Brazil. Numerous oocysts, each contained in a parasitophorous vacuole, were found in the cytoplasm of phagocytes in the mantle tissue of the host. The phagocytes were surrounded by a thin wall composed of lucent material. The phagocyte cytoplasm contained a nucleus surrounded by numerous vesicles and some dense masses. The oocysts were 21.9 +/- 0.5 microm long, and 11.5 +/- 0.6 microm wide. The oocyst wall was 0.18-0.25 microm thick, and the apical zone contained a micropyle, 1.0-1.2 microm in diameter, covered by a canopy-like operculum about 0.25 microm thick. Externally, the oocyst wall was surrounded by numerous anastomosing microfibrils attached to the wall and extending towards the periphery of the parasitophorous vacuole. Some microfibrils formed a dense complex network that surrounded the oocyst in the middle of the parasitophorous vacuole, which opened only at the apical zone near the external region of the opercular system. On the basis of the data obtained by light and transmission electron microscopy and host specificity, the gregarine Nematopsis gigas is distinguished from the nearest species as a new species. The taxonomic affinities and morphological comparisons with other similar species of the same genus are discussed.

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The life cycle and morphology of Nematopsis ostrearum, sp. Nov. a gregarine parasite of the mud crab and oyster

Cited by 33 publications

References 1 publication

Identification of a Divergent Environmental DNA Sequence Clade Using the Phylogeny of Gregarine Parasites (Apicomplexa) from Crustacean Hosts

Identification of a Divergent Environmental DNA Sequence Clade Using the Phylogeny of Gregarine Parasites (Apicomplexa) from Crustacean Hosts

Investigation of Nematopsis spp. oocysts in 7 species of bivalves from Chonburi Province, Gulf of Thailand

Nematopsis gigas n. sp. (Apicomplexa), a Parasite of Nerita ascencionis (Gastropoda, Neritidae) from Brazil

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