The LiDAR-based topo-hydrological modelling of the Nigula mire, SW Estonia

Lode, Elve; Leivits, Meelis

doi:10.3176/earth.2011.4.04

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…p values are corrected followingBenjamini and Hochberg (1995). The error bars represent standard errors, and the numbers in the bars are the number of replicates per micrositeOur results demonstrate that digital photogrammetry is an accurate way to derive high-resolution digital elevation models for peatlands, and thereby a cost-effective alternative for airborne light detection and ranging campaigns(Korpela, Koskinen, Vasander, Holopainen, & Minkkinen, 2009;Lode & Leivits, 2011). The median vertical difference between manual and photogrammetrically derived peat surface elevation was 0.0026 m in this study.…”

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confidence: 51%

“…(a) Mean peat volume change per microsite between 13 May to 12 July and (b) mean water table relative to peat surface per microsite. The error bars represent standard errors, and the numbers in the bars are the number of replicates per microsite Our results demonstrate that digital photogrammetry is an accurate way to derive high-resolution digital elevation models for peatlands, and thereby a cost-effective alternative for airborne light detection and ranging campaigns(Korpela, Koskinen, Vasander, Holopainen, & Minkkinen, 2009;Lode & Leivits, 2011). p values are corrected followingBenjamini and Hochberg (1995).…”

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confidence: 80%

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High‐resolution peat volume change in a northern peatland: Spatial variability, main drivers, and impact on ecohydrology

et al. 2019

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The depth of the groundwater table below the surface and its spatiotemporal variability are major controls on all major biogeophysical processes in northern peatlands, including ecohydrology, carbon balance, and greenhouse gas exchange. In these ecosystems, water table fluctuations are buffered by compression and expansion of peat. Controls on peat volume change and its spatial variability, however, remain elusive, hampering accurate assessment of climate change impact on functioning of peatlands. We therefore (1) analysed patterning of seasonal surface elevation change at high spatial resolution (0.5 m); (2) assessed its relationship with vegetation, geohydrology, and position within the peatland; and (3) quantified the consequences for peatland surface topography and ecohydrology. Changes in surface elevation were monitored using digital close-range photogrammetry along a transect in a northern peatland from after snowmelt up to midgrowing season (May-July). Surface elevation change was substantial and varied spatially from −0.062 to +0.012 m over the measurement period. Spatial patterns of peat volume change were correlated up to 40.8 m. Spatial variation of peat volume change was mainly controlled by changes in water table, and to a lesser extent to vegetation, with peat volume change magnitude increasing from lawn < hollow < flark. Our observations suggest that patchiness and vertical variability of peatland surface topography are a function of the groundwater table. In dry conditions, the variability of surface elevation increases and more localized groundwater flows may develop. Consequently, spatially variable peat volume change may enhance peatland water retention and thereby sustain carbon uptake during drought.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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High‐resolution peat volume change in a northern peatland: Spatial variability, main drivers, and impact on ecohydrology

et al. 2019

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“…The proper groundwater level and fluctuations in peat bog models in the research literature [39] are determined by relief and micro-landforms in the local area [40]. Under natural conditions, fluctuations in groundwater levels are rather low throughout the year.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Impact on Water Circulation Patterns in Raised Bogs of the Baltic Type, Northern Poland

et al. 2023

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Raised bogs of the Baltic type are unique because of their geomorphologic structure and hydrologic conditions. There are about 80 bogs of this type in Poland. All are affected by human impact, and their water circulation patterns are disrupted by artificial outflows. The aim of the study was to show the effects of human impact on water circulation patterns in raised bog on an example of the Wielkie Bagno peat bog. The main work consisted of field studies, during which measurements of groundwater fluctuations, flows at main outflows, and hydrographic mapping were performed. Data on precipitation and evaporation were also obtained from state institutions. Research has shown that fluctuations in groundwater levels in the Wielkie Bagno bog average 78 cm per year (hydrological years 2018–2019) and the bog is in poor condition. This is mainly due to climate change, which manifests itself in too little precipitation in summer and an increase in evaporation, a too dense drainage network causing the lowering of the groundwater level in the peat bog, and the close proximity of a peat mine causing significant drainage of water from the examined peat bog, as well as too large fluctuations of groundwater during the year and in individual months. In some areas, a near-surface layer of the bog was also detected, about 30 cm thick, which is a sign of bog desiccation (especially in summer). Water balance data were used to show that the quantity of water available in the bog is determined by atmospheric precipitation, which is too small in the warm period. As a consequence, there are months with a negative climatic balance. It was also observed that factors such as physical location in different parts of the bog and the degree of degradation also affect water circulation patterns in the study area. At the moment, the most important task in the peat bog is to raise the groundwater level, reduce its fluctuations, and reduce human pressure on the bog.

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“…Evaporation and transpiration are calculated as one mass flow in 3PG, which can cause simulated evapotranspiration and thus SW to significantly deviate from real conditions, especially when the stand is thinned or a clear-cut [22,23]. Therefore, in order to achieve a better simulation of SW prediction that is more sensitive to stand management applications, a separated calculation of soil evaporation is necessary [24,25]. The van-Genuchten-Mualem model (VGM) is the most used soil parametrization for water flow modelling in porous media and is flexible in application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating the Effects of Thinning Events on Forest Growth and Water Services Asks for Daily Analysis of Underlying Processes

Yousefpour

Djahangard

2021

Forests

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Forest growth function and water cycle are affected by climatic conditions, making climate-sensitive models, e.g., process-based, crucial to the simulation of dynamics of forest and water interactions. A rewarded and widely applied model for forest growth analysis and management, 3PG, is a physiological process-based forest stand model that predicts growth. However, the model runs on a monthly basis and uses a simple soil-water module. Therefore, we downscale the temporal resolution to operate daily, improve the growth modifiers and add a responsive hydrological sub-model to represents the key features of a snow routine, a detailed soil-water model and a separated soil-evaporation calculation. Thereby, we aim to more precisely analyze the effects of thinning events on forest productivity and water services. The novel calibrated 3PG-Hydro model was validated in Norway spruce sites in Southern Germany and confirmed improvements in building forest processes (evapotranspiration) and predicting forest growth (biomass, diameter, volume), as well as water processes and services (water recharge). The model is more sensitive to forest management measures and variability in soil water by (1) individualization of each site’s soil, (2) simulation of percolation and runoff processes, (3) separation of transpiration and evapotranspiration to predict good evapotranspiration even if high thinning is applied, (4) calculation in daily time steps to better simulate variation and especially drought and (5) an improved soil-water modifier. The new 3PG-Hydro model can, in general, better simulate forest growth (stand volume, average diameter), as well as details of soil and water processes after thinning events. The novel developments add complexity to the model, but the additions are crucial and relevant, and the model remains an easy-to-handle forest simulation tool.

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The LiDAR-based topo-hydrological modelling of the Nigula mire, SW Estonia

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

High‐resolution peat volume change in a northern peatland: Spatial variability, main drivers, and impact on ecohydrology

High‐resolution peat volume change in a northern peatland: Spatial variability, main drivers, and impact on ecohydrology

Human Impact on Water Circulation Patterns in Raised Bogs of the Baltic Type, Northern Poland

Simulating the Effects of Thinning Events on Forest Growth and Water Services Asks for Daily Analysis of Underlying Processes

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