The Levels of Toxic Metals in Blue Crab Portunus segnis from Persian Gulf

Distribution and risk assessment of trace metals in Leptodius exarata, surface water and sediments from Douglas Creek in the Qua Iboe Estuary

“…Each tissue sample was oven dried at 105 • C for 1 h and allowed to cool at room temperature and was then ground to powder using a porcelain mortar and pestle. Precisely 2.0 g of each sample was digested with a combination of concentrated HNO 3 (2.5 mL) and H 2 SO 4 (2.5 mL) as described by Hosseini et al [29]. The digested sediment and crab sample solutions, acid eluates desorbed from the filter, and the blank were analyzed for concentrations of trace metals (cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn)) using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (S Series S4 AA System -Thermo Electron Corporation).…”

Benthic organisms as ecological indicators for the status assessment of coastal ecosystems

“…The use of marine animals and plants as bioindicators for coastal zone PTE pollution is very frequent and widespread (Nicolaidou & Nott, 1998; Campanella et al , 2001; Conti & Cecchetti, 2003; Ravera et al , 2003; Khristoforova & Chernova, 2005; Ali & Bream, 2010; Al-Busaidi et al , 2013; Duysak & Ersoy, 2014; Hosseini et al , 2014; Pereira Majer et al , 2014). Various groups of marine organisms can be used as bioindicators, mainly those characterized by a wide geographic distribution, sessile or sedentary nature, year-round availability, and ease of identification and sampling (Cubadda et al , 2001; Conti et al , 2002; Kumar Gupta & Singh, 2011).…”

“…As a consequence, different levels of PTE can be found in a variety of organisms from the same environment (Conti et al , 2010; Jakimska et al , 2011). The bioaccumulation of PTE in higher trophic organisms is also affected by the number of passages of the PTE through the trophic chain (Conti & Cecchetti, 2003; Jakimska et al , 2011; Ergűl & Aksan, 2013; Jitar et al , 2015; Hosseini et al , 2014; Pereira Majer et al , 2014).…”

Element Intoxication by Marine Food

“…Muscle is not an active tissue for bioaccumulation of toxic elements [10]. Gills are the first organ of the fish in contact with the sea water, thus they can readily reflect the concentrations of toxic elements in the ecosystem [11,12]. Due to the fact that of short distance between blood and sea water, toxic elements may directly pass through the gills [13].…”

“…Due to the fact that of short distance between blood and sea water, toxic elements may directly pass through the gills [13]. Besides, gills can exchange toxic elements between the fish and the aquatic environment via its osmoregulation and gas exchange metabolism [11]. Moreover, crustacean seafood such as mullets, crabs and etc.…”