The Levator Aponeurosis

Eyelid eversion for visualisation of the upper eyelid lamellae: an anatomical cadaver study

“…In the everted eyelid, the lamellae are more distinct because the superficial LA runs parallel with the tarsus, while the deep LA runs approximately perpendicular to the tarsus. The findings in our study are concordant with Anderson and Beard's 1977 description of a complex aponeurosis, with multiple layers having a ‘fan of insertions’ as shown in their grossly dissected eyelid specimens 8. The challenges of the classical orientation may have played a role in more recent histological descriptions of the layers of the LA, which include the presence of a double-layered LA in all Asian eyelids but only one of 11 Caucasian specimens 9.…”

Eyelid eversion for visualisation of the upper eyelid lamellae: an anatomical cadaver study

“…In the everted eyelid, the lamellae are more distinct because the superficial LA runs parallel with the tarsus, while the deep LA runs approximately perpendicular to the tarsus. The findings in our study are concordant with Anderson and Beard's 1977 description of a complex aponeurosis, with multiple layers having a ‘fan of insertions’ as shown in their grossly dissected eyelid specimens 8. The challenges of the classical orientation may have played a role in more recent histological descriptions of the layers of the LA, which include the presence of a double-layered LA in all Asian eyelids but only one of 11 Caucasian specimens 9.…”

The Significance of Intraoperative Measurements in Acquired Ptosis Surgery

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Gross and microscopic study of insertion of levator palpebrae superioris and its anatomical correlation in superior palpebral crease formation and its clinical relevance

“…22 In Ptosis, the amount of levator aponeurosis to be resected is determined and after the required amount of levator is resected, the nonresected stump is advanced and sutured to the tarsus 5 mm or more below the upper tarsal border. This raises the upper eyelid and improves the ptotic eyelid 12 .…”

Eyelid eversion for visualisation of the upper eyelid lamellae: an anatomical cadaver study

“…In the everted eyelid, the lamellae are more distinct because the superficial LA runs parallel with the tarsus, while the deep LA runs approximately perpendicular to the tarsus. The findings in our study are concordant with Anderson and Beard's 1977 description of a complex aponeurosis, with multiple layers having a ‘fan of insertions’ as shown in their grossly dissected eyelid specimens 8. The challenges of the classical orientation may have played a role in more recent histological descriptions of the layers of the LA, which include the presence of a double-layered LA in all Asian eyelids but only one of 11 Caucasian specimens 9.…”

The Significance of Intraoperative Measurements in Acquired Ptosis Surgery

“……”

Gross and microscopic study of insertion of levator palpebrae superioris and its anatomical correlation in superior palpebral crease formation and its clinical relevance

“…22 In Ptosis, the amount of levator aponeurosis to be resected is determined and after the required amount of levator is resected, the nonresected stump is advanced and sutured to the tarsus 5 mm or more below the upper tarsal border. This raises the upper eyelid and improves the ptotic eyelid 12 .…”

Eyelid eversion for visualisation of the upper eyelid lamellae: an anatomical cadaver study

“…In the everted eyelid, the lamellae are more distinct because the superficial LA runs parallel with the tarsus, while the deep LA runs approximately perpendicular to the tarsus. The findings in our study are concordant with Anderson and Beard's 1977 description of a complex aponeurosis, with multiple layers having a ‘fan of insertions’ as shown in their grossly dissected eyelid specimens 8. The challenges of the classical orientation may have played a role in more recent histological descriptions of the layers of the LA, which include the presence of a double-layered LA in all Asian eyelids but only one of 11 Caucasian specimens 9.…”

The Significance of Intraoperative Measurements in Acquired Ptosis Surgery

“……”

Gross and microscopic study of insertion of levator palpebrae superioris and its anatomical correlation in superior palpebral crease formation and its clinical relevance

“…22 In Ptosis, the amount of levator aponeurosis to be resected is determined and after the required amount of levator is resected, the nonresected stump is advanced and sutured to the tarsus 5 mm or more below the upper tarsal border. This raises the upper eyelid and improves the ptotic eyelid 12 .…”