The Lake El'gygytgyn Scientific Drilling Project &amp;ndash; Conquering Arctic Challenges through Continental Drilling

Melles, Martin; Brigham‐Grette, Julie; Minyuk, P. S.; Koeberl, Christian; Andreev, Andrei A.; Cook, Timothy L.; Fedorov, Grigory; Gebhardt, Catalina; Haltia-Hovi, Eeva; Kukkonen, Maaret; Nowaczyk, Norbert R; Schwamborn, Georg; Wennrich, B.; Party, the El'gygytgyn Scientific

doi:10.5194/sd-11-29-2011

Cited by 76 publications

(59 citation statements)

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“…Between 113.4 m and 145.7 m composite depth, cores 1A and 1C contributed to the composite. Below 145.7 m composite depth down to the sediment impact breccia interface at 318 m, only core 5011-1C, which has a mean recovery rate of only 50 % (Melles et al, 2011), could be used. However, at least the lowermost 38 m of the composite (280 to 318 m) is available with 90 to 99 % recovery.…”

Section: Creation Of a Compositementioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronology of Lake El'gygytgyn sediments – a combined magnetostratigraphic, palaeoclimatic and orbital tuning study based on multi-parameter analyses

et al. 2013

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Abstract.A 318-metre-long sedimentary profile drilled by the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) at Site 5011-1 in Lake El'gygytgyn, Far East Russian Arctic, has been analysed for its sedimentologic response to global climate modes by chronostratigraphic methods. The 12 km wide lake is sited off-centre in an 18 km large crater that was created by the impact of a meteorite 3.58 Ma ago. Since then sediments have been continuously deposited. For establishing their chronology, major reversals of the earth's magnetic field provided initial tie points for the age model, confirming that the impact occurred in the earliest geomagnetic Gauss chron. Various stratigraphic parameters, reflecting redox conditions at the lake floor and climatic conditions in the catchment were tuned synchronously to Northern Hemisphere insolation variations and the marine oxygen isotope stack, respectively. Thus, a robust age model comprising more than 600 tie points could be defined. It could be shown that deposition of sediments in Lake El'gygytgyn occurred in concert with global climatic cycles. The upper ∼ 160 m of sediments represent the past 3.3 Ma, equivalent to sedimentation rates of 4 to 5 cm ka −1 , whereas the lower 160 m represent just the first 0.3 Ma after the impact, equivalent to sedimentation rates in the order of 45 cm ka −1 . This study also provides orbitally tuned ages for a total of 8 tephras deposited in Lake El'gygytgyn.

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Section: Creation Of a Compositementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) drilled through the whole 318 m thick sedimentary infill and further 199 m into the impact breccia of the El'gygytgyn crater (Melles et al, 2011). Three parallel sediment cores from ICDP Site 5011-1 (holes 1A, 1B, and 1C) from Lake El'gygytgyn were spliced to make a composite core.…”

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confidence: 99%

Chronology of Lake El'gygytgyn sediments – a combined magnetostratigraphic, palaeoclimatic and orbital tuning study based on multi-parameter analyses

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“…For this reason, in 2008/2009 an interdisciplinary drilling campaign targeted this area. General information on this International Continental Drilling Program (ICDP) project is given by Melles et al (2011), while the most important paleoclimatological results were published by Melles et al (2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Basin scheme of the Lake El'gygytgyn site with the digital elevation model in the background. The numerical model is based on this conceptual model by Melles et al (2011). 2007; Lemke et al, 2007;Serreze et al, 2007;Miller et al, 2010a,b;Serreze and Barry, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Past climate changes and permafrost depth at the Lake El'gygytgyn site: implications from data and thermal modeling

Mottaghy¹,

Schwamborn

Rath

2013

Clim. Past

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Abstract. This study focuses on the temperature field observed in boreholes drilled as part of interdisciplinary scientific campaign targeting the El'gygytgyn Crater Lake in NE Russia. Temperature data are available from two sites: the lake borehole 5011-1 located near the center of the lake reaching 400 m depth, and the land borehole 5011-3 at the rim of the lake, with a depth of 140 m. Constraints on permafrost depth and past climate changes are derived from numerical simulation of the thermal regime associated with the lake-related talik structure. The thermal properties of the subsurface needed for these simulations are based on laboratory measurements of representative cores from the quaternary sediments and the underlying impact-affected rock, complemented by further information from geophysical logs and data from published literature.The temperature observations in the lake borehole 5011-1 are dominated by thermal perturbations related to the drilling process, and thus only give reliable values for the lowermost value in the borehole. Undisturbed temperature data recorded over more than two years are available in the 140 m deep land-based borehole 5011-3. The analysis of these observations allows determination of not only the recent mean annual ground surface temperature, but also the ground surface temperature history, though with large uncertainties. Although the depth of this borehole is by far too insufficient for a complete reconstruction of past temperatures back to the Last Glacial Maximum, it still affects the thermal regime, and thus permafrost depth. This effect is constrained by numerical modeling: assuming that the lake borehole observations are hardly influenced by the past changes in surface air temperature, an estimate of steady-state conditions is possible, leading to a meaningful value of 14 ± 5 K for the post-glacial warming. The strong curvature of the temperature data in shallower depths around 60 m can be explained by a comparatively large amplitude of the Little Ice Age (up to 4 K), with low temperatures prevailing far into the 20th century. Other mechanisms, like varying porosity, may also have an influence on the temperature profile, however, our modeling studies imply a major contribution from recent climate changes.

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“…In spring 2009, the ICDP (International Continental Scientific Drilling Program) El'gygytgyn Drilling Project drilled three holes in the center of the lake (ICDP Site 5011-1A, B, and C; Fig. 1; Melles et al, 2011), following a comprehensive geophysical site survey and pilot coring (Gebhardt et al, 2006;Melles et al, 2007;Schwamborn et al, 2008;Juschus et al, 2009). A 318 m long composite profile of the lacustrine sediments in ICDP Site 5011-1 was constructed by splicing the bestpreserved sediment intervals in overlapping core sequences from the deep drilling and from the pre-site survey .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detailed insight into Arctic climatic variability during MIS 11c at Lake El'gygytgyn, NE Russia

et al. 2013

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Here we present a detailed multi-proxy record of the climate and environmental evolution at Lake El'gygytgyn, Far East Russian Arctic during the period 430–395 ka covering the marine isotope stage (MIS) 12/11 transition and the thermal maximum of super interglacial MIS 11c. The MIS 12/11 transition at Lake El'gygytgyn is characterized by initial warming followed by a cold reversal implying similarities to the last deglaciation. The thermal maximum of MIS 11c is characterized by full and remarkably stable interglacial conditions with mean temperatures of the warmest month (MTWM) ranging between ca. 10–15 °C; annual precipitation (PANN) ranging between ca. 300–600 mm; strong in-lake productivity coinciding with dark coniferous forests in the catchment; annual disintegration of the lake ice cover; and full mixis of the water column. Such conditions persisted, according to our age model, for ca. 27 ± 8 kyr between ca. 425–398 ka. The Lake El'gygytgyn record closely resembles the climate pattern recorded in Lake Baikal (SE Siberia) sediments and Antarctic ice cores, implying interhemispheric climate connectivity during MIS 11c

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The Lake El'gygytgyn Scientific Drilling Project – Conquering Arctic Challenges through Continental Drilling

Cited by 76 publications

References 0 publications

Chronology of Lake El'gygytgyn sediments – a combined magnetostratigraphic, palaeoclimatic and orbital tuning study based on multi-parameter analyses

Chronology of Lake El'gygytgyn sediments – a combined magnetostratigraphic, palaeoclimatic and orbital tuning study based on multi-parameter analyses

Past climate changes and permafrost depth at the Lake El'gygytgyn site: implications from data and thermal modeling

Detailed insight into Arctic climatic variability during MIS 11c at Lake El'gygytgyn, NE Russia

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