The Kreuzer-Skarke axiverse

Demirtaş, Mehmet; Long, Cody; McAllister, Liam; Stillman, Michael

doi:10.1007/jhep04(2020)138

Cited by 132 publications

(224 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(102 reference statements)

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“…Even so, it turned out to be nontrivial to exhibit such an X, as an orientifold of a hypersurface in a toric variety V , for which it was possible to show Vol ∪ (Σ) Σ . The catch is that E 2 (X) is not simply inherited from V by intersecting X with divisors of V -see [41] for a related discussion -and with incomplete knowledge of E 2 (X) it is difficult to compute Vol ∪ (Σ). We overcame this limitation by showing, in Appendix B, that a particular family of divisor classes are neither effective nor anti-effective, and so arrived at the example of §3.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimal surfaces and weak gravity

Demirtaş

Long

McAllister

et al. 2020

J. High Energ. Phys.

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We show that the Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC) implies a nontrivial upper bound on the volumes of the minimal-volume cycles in certain homology classes that admit no calibrated representatives. In compactification of type IIB string theory on an orientifold X of a Calabi-Yau threefold, we consider a homology class [Σ] ∈ H 4 (X, Z) represented by a union Σ ∪ of holomorphic and antiholomorphic cycles. The instanton form of the WGC applied to the axion charge [Σ] implies an upper bound on the action of a non-BPS Euclidean D3-brane wrapping the minimal-volume representative Σ min of [Σ]. We give an explicit example of an orientifold X of a hypersurface in a toric variety, and a hyperplane H ⊂ H 4 (X, Z), such that for any [Σ] ∈ H that satisfies the WGC, the minimal volume obeys Vol(Σ min ) Vol(Σ ∪ ): the holomorphic and antiholomorphic components recombine to form a much smaller cycle. In particular, the sub-Lattice WGC applied to X implies large recombination, no matter how sparse the sublattice. Non-BPS instantons wrapping Σ min are then more important than would be predicted from a study of BPS instantons wrapping the separate components of Σ ∪ . Our analysis hinges on a novel computation of effective divisors in X that are not inherited from effective divisors of the toric variety.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimal surfaces and weak gravity

Demirtaş

Long

McAllister

et al. 2020

J. High Energ. Phys.

Self Cite

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“…Namely, for a given n, and m, there will be a larger number of states, and the finite-size effects can oscillate at a larger number of frequencies. 33 The gravitational perturbation only mediates degenerate subspace transitions between |3100 and |3120 . As a consequence, the final state is an equally weighted sum of these two states, independent of both q and α.…”

Section: Finite-size Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…String compactifications typically generate hundreds of four-dimensional p-form fields, some of which are plausibly ultralight[33]. Since massive two-and three-forms can be dualized into massive one-forms and scalars[34], we cover a wide range of fields, with large theoretical prior, by considering scalars and vectors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravitational collider physics

et al. 2020

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We study the imprints of new ultralight particles on the gravitational-wave signals emitted by binary black holes. Superradiant instabilities may create large clouds of scalar or vector fields around rotating black holes. The presence of a binary companion then induces transitions between different states of the cloud, which become resonantly enhanced when the orbital frequency matches the energy gap between the states. We find that the time dependence of the orbit significantly impacts the cloud's dynamics during a transition. Following an analogy with particle colliders, we introduce an S-matrix formalism to describe the evolution through multiple resonances. We show that the state of the cloud, as it approaches the merger, carries vital information about its spectrum via time-dependent finite-size effects. Moreover, due to the transfer of energy and angular momentum between the cloud and the orbit, a dephasing of the gravitational-wave signal can occur which is correlated with the positions of the resonances. Notably, for intermediate and extreme mass ratio inspirals, long-lived floating orbits are possible, as well as kicks that yield large eccentricities. Observing these effects, through the precise reconstruction of waveforms, has the potential to unravel the internal structure of the boson clouds, ultimately probing the masses and spins of new particles.

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“…The computational burden can be mitigated somewhat by exploiting the reflexivity property of these polytopes [38]. Even with this assistance, however, obtaining more than a single, canonical triangulation for a given polytope (in a reasonable computational time) becomes difficult for h 1,1 > ∼ 10 [39]. It would appear, therefore, that an enumeration of the unique triangulations in the KS 4d reflexive polytope dataset must remain unobtainable, barring dramatic advances in computational power or a vastly superior triangulation algorithm.…”

Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Calabi-Yau hypersurface and triangulation counts with equation learners

Altman

Carifio

Halverson

et al. 2019

J. High Energ. Phys.

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We provide the first estimate of the number of fine, regular, star triangulations of the four-dimensional reflexive polytopes, as classified by Kreuzer and Skarke (KS). This provides an upper bound on the number of Calabi-Yau threefold hypersurfaces in toric varieties. The estimate is performed with deep learning, specifically the novel equation learner (EQL) architecture. We demonstrate that EQL networks accurately predict numbers of triangulations far beyond the h 1,1 training region, allowing for reliable extrapolation. We estimate that number of triangulations in the KS dataset is 10 10,505 , dominated by the polytope with the highest h 1,1 value.

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The Kreuzer-Skarke axiverse

Cited by 132 publications

References 53 publications

Minimal surfaces and weak gravity

Minimal surfaces and weak gravity

Gravitational collider physics

Estimating Calabi-Yau hypersurface and triangulation counts with equation learners

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