The Jasmonate-Responsive AP2/ERF Transcription Factors AaERF1 and AaERF2 Positively Regulate Artemisinin Biosynthesis in Artemisia annua L.

Yu, Zhao; Li, Jianxu; Yang, Changqing; Hu, W. Z.; Wang, Ling-Jian; Chen, Xiao‐Ya

doi:10.1093/mp/ssr087

Cited by 384 publications

(321 citation statements)

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“…Few MeJA up-regulated transcripts are the putative transcriptional regulators of MeJA responses in sweet basil (Supplemental Table S3). The APETALA2/ERF and WRKY transcription factors were previously shown as regulators of secondary metabolite biosynthesis in plants in response to MeJA (Yu et al, 2012;Mishra et al, 2013), suggesting their possible involvement in the regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthesis in sweet basil. Lectins, callose synthase, and thaumatin-like proteins that presumably do not have any role in secondary metabolite accumulation were also identified among the MeJA upregulated transcripts (Supplemental Table S4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…When plants experience various biotic and abiotic stresses, biosynthesis of the secondary metabolites is triggered that helps plants adapt to the challenging environment (Gershenzon and Dudareva, 2007;Hartmann, 2007;Reichling, 2010). Consequently, transcript and metabolite profiling of stress/elicitor-treated plants or cell cultures represents a powerful approach to determine gene function in the biosynthesis of the secondary metabolites (Aerts et al, 1994;Goossens et al, 2003;Suzuki et al, 2005;Zhao et al, 2005;Naoumkina et al, 2008;De Geyter et al, 2012;Lenka et al, 2012;Yu et al, 2012;Ee et al, 2013;Mishra et al, 2013;Sun et al, 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Methyl Jasmonate-Elicited Transcriptional Responses and Pentacyclic Triterpene Biosynthesis in Sweet Basil

et al. 2013

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Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) is well known for its diverse pharmacological properties and has been widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments. Although a variety of secondary metabolites with potent biological activities are identified, our understanding of the biosynthetic pathways that produce them has remained largely incomplete. We studied transcriptional changes in sweet basil after methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment, which is considered an elicitor of secondary metabolites, and identified 388 candidate MeJA-responsive unique transcripts. Transcript analysis suggests that in addition to controlling its own biosynthesis and stress responses, MeJA up-regulates transcripts of the various secondary metabolic pathways, including terpenoids and phenylpropanoids/flavonoids. Furthermore, combined transcript and metabolite analysis revealed MeJA-induced biosynthesis of the medicinally important ursane-type and oleanane-type pentacyclic triterpenes. Two MeJAresponsive oxidosqualene cyclases (ObAS1 and ObAS2) that encode for 761-and 765-amino acid proteins, respectively, were identified and characterized. Functional expressions of ObAS1 and ObAS2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae led to the production of b-amyrin and a-amyrin, the direct precursors of oleanane-type and ursane-type pentacyclic triterpenes, respectively. ObAS1 was identified as a b-amyrin synthase, whereas ObAS2 was a mixed amyrin synthase that produced both a-amyrin and b-amyrin but had a product preference for a-amyrin. Moreover, transcript and metabolite analysis shed light on the spatiotemporal regulation of pentacyclic triterpene biosynthesis in sweet basil. Taken together, these results will be helpful in elucidating the secondary metabolic pathways of sweet basil and developing metabolic engineering strategies for enhanced production of pentacyclic triterpenes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Methyl Jasmonate-Elicited Transcriptional Responses and Pentacyclic Triterpene Biosynthesis in Sweet Basil

et al. 2013

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“…In A. annua, two JA-responsive AP2 family TFs and a MYC-type bHLH TF have been identified as activators of the expression of genes encoding the sesquiterpene synthase and P450 essential for the production of the antimalaria compound artemisinin (Yu et al, 2012;Ji et al, 2014). In Arabidopsis, it has been observed that the bHLH TF MYC2 directly binds sesquiterpene synthase gene promoters, resulting in an elevated release of volatile sesquiterpenes (Hong et al, 2012).…”

Section: Members Of Clade Iva Of the Bhlh Family Activate Different Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

The bHLH Transcription Factors TSAR1 and TSAR2 Regulate Triterpene Saponin Biosynthesis in Medicago truncatula

et al. 2015

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Plants respond to stresses by producing a broad spectrum of bioactive specialized metabolites. Hormonal elicitors, such as jasmonates, trigger a complex signaling circuit leading to the concerted activation of specific metabolic pathways. However, for many specialized metabolic pathways, the transcription factors involved remain unknown. Here, we report on two homologous jasmonate-inducible transcription factors of the basic helix-loop-helix family, TRITERPENE SAPONIN BIOSYNTHESIS ACTIVATING REGULATOR1 (TSAR1) and TSAR2, which direct triterpene saponin biosynthesis in Medicago truncatula. TSAR1 and TSAR2 are coregulated with and transactivate the genes encoding 3-HYDROXY-3-METHYLGLUTARYL-COENZYME A REDUCTASE1 (HMGR1) and MAKIBISHI1, the rate-limiting enzyme for triterpene biosynthesis and an E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls HMGR1 levels, respectively. Transactivation is mediated by direct binding of TSARs to the N-box in the promoter of HMGR1. In transient expression assays in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) protoplasts, TSAR1 and TSAR2 exhibit different patterns of transactivation of downstream triterpene saponin biosynthetic genes, hinting at distinct functionalities within the regulation of the pathway. Correspondingly, overexpression of TSAR1 or TSAR2 in M. truncatula hairy roots resulted in elevated transcript levels of known triterpene saponin biosynthetic genes and strongly increased the accumulation of triterpene saponins. TSAR2 overexpression specifically boosted hemolytic saponin biosynthesis, whereas TSAR1 overexpression primarily stimulated nonhemolytic soyasaponin biosynthesis. Both TSARs also activated all genes of the precursor mevalonate pathway but did not affect sterol biosynthetic genes, pointing to their specific role as regulators of specialized triterpene metabolism in M. truncatula.

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“…This strategy has been successfully applied to many cases of novel gene functional elucidation when using plant glandular trichomes as an experimental subject (Dai et al 2010;McDowell et al 2011;Schilmiller et al 2010b;van Bakel et al 2011). It is noteworthy that there are only a few studies that have focused on the genes related to glandular trichome development and the transcription factors that regulate trichome-specific biosynthesis pathways (Ma et al 2009;Spyropoulou et al 2014;Yu et al 2012). It is the same case in studying metabolite transportation of glandular trichomes (Choi et al 2012).…”

Section: Gene Discovery From Plant Glandular Trichomes Using System Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress in secondary metabolism of plant glandular trichomes

Wang

2014

Plant Biotechnology

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Trichomes can be found on the surfaces of the leaves, stems, and other organs of many angiosperm plants. Plant trichomes are commonly divided into two classes: glandular trichomes and non-glandular trichomes. Glandular trichomes produce large quantities of specialized natural compounds of diverse classes and are regarded as 'chemical factories' due to their impressively efficient biosynthetic capacities. This efficiency makes glandular trichomes an excellent experimental system for the elucidation of both the biosynthesis and the mechanisms of regulation of natural product pathways. The development of various -omics techniques has greatly accelerated experimental procedures that are typically used in combination with trichome studies. The purpose this review is to provide an introduction to the methods and technologies used for the investigation of glandular trichomes, to summarize current progress in the field, and to highlight the potential applications of trichome studies in metabolic engineering using the strategies of synthetic biology.

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The Jasmonate-Responsive AP2/ERF Transcription Factors AaERF1 and AaERF2 Positively Regulate Artemisinin Biosynthesis in Artemisia annua L.

Cited by 384 publications

References 74 publications

Methyl Jasmonate-Elicited Transcriptional Responses and Pentacyclic Triterpene Biosynthesis in Sweet Basil

Methyl Jasmonate-Elicited Transcriptional Responses and Pentacyclic Triterpene Biosynthesis in Sweet Basil

The bHLH Transcription Factors TSAR1 and TSAR2 Regulate Triterpene Saponin Biosynthesis in Medicago truncatula

Recent progress in secondary metabolism of plant glandular trichomes

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