The isomerization of aliphatic hydrocarbons over evaporated films of platinum and palladium

Anderson, John R.; Avery, Neil R.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9517(66)80063-5

Cited by 137 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…presence of (100) sites. Favored by the presence of kinks and steps (35,57) structure insensitive (35,57) strongly enhanced by the presence of kinks smaller effect in the presence of steps (62) favored by presence of steps in { 1 00) orientation -in the presence of kinks, formation of benzene {not toluene) is favored (63) Supported Catalyst structure insensitive ( 16) structure insensitive { 16) structure sensitive activity increases with decrease in particle size (58) structure insensitive { 59-61) Extremely structure sensitive -fivefold activity decrease with increase in particle size {15-60 A) (1) structure sensitive activity increases with decrease in particle in particle size (64,65) Figure Captions Schematic representation of the experimental apparatus to carry out catalytic reaction-rate studies on single crystal surfaces of low surface area at ·low and high -7 4 pressure in the range of 10 to 10 torr.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure sensitivity of catalytic reactions

Somorjai¹,

Carrazza²

1986

Ind. Eng. Chem. Fund.

167

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The rate and product distribution of chemical reactions catalyzed by metals can depend on the particle size of supported catalysts. This can be explained by the interaction between chemisorbed species and surface sites of different configuration in the metal associated with atoms in terrace, steps, and kinks. Single-crystal catalysts are excellent models for studying these interactions. In this review, the contribution of single-crystal studies to the understanding of structure sensitivity in catalytic reaction is discussed. Reactions are classified in three types: structure-sensitive reactions, structure-insensitive reactions, and reactions that show both behaviors, depending on the experimental conditions. Several examples are discussed in each of the three categories.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure sensitivity of catalytic reactions

Somorjai¹,

Carrazza²

1986

Ind. Eng. Chem. Fund.

167

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“…However, the rate of hydrogenolysis increases with increasing carbon number of the alkane (Sinfelt, 1973a). Data of Anderson and Avery (1966) indicate that the most important difference is between ethane and other alkanes containing more than two carbon atoms. They observe that the activation energies for hydrogenolysis of n-butane, isobutane, isopentane, and neopentane are nearly the same, but much lower than that found for ethane.…”

Section: Hydrogenolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent discussions of the mechanism of hydrogenolysis and isomerization of saturated hydrocarbons on platinum, it has been suggested that charge transfer from the adsorbate to the metal occurs (Anderson and All pmducts are n-parans. Avery, 1967;Matsumoto et al, 1970), with the result that a carbonium ion-like intermediate is formed. The extensive cracking of internal carbon-carbon bonds in alkanes, ,and the simultaneous skeletal isomerization reaction, are consistent with such a suggestion.…”

Section: Hydrogenolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4) derson and Baker (1963) observed isomerization of n-butane and isobutane on evaporated films of certain metals, especially platinum. Subsequent work by Anderson and Avery (1966) and by Boudart et al (1968) showed that neopentane was isomerized to isopentane over various forms of platinum catalysts. The isomerization of n-hexane (Barron et al, 1966) and n-heptane (Carter et aI., 1971) on monofunctional platinum catalysts has also been reported recently.…”

Section: Isomerization Of Alkanesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catalytic specificity

Sinfelt

1973

AIChE Journal

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SCOPECatalytic specificity refers to the particular ability of a substance or closely related group of substances to catalyze a given type of chemical transformation. Identifying the type of catalyst which is good for a particular reaction is a matter of great practical importance. In the area of heterogeneous catalysis, to which this review is limited, there are few, if any, examples where the factors determining catalytic specificity are understood in detail. However, much progress has been made in establishing patterns of variation in catalytic behavior from one substance to another for various types of reactions. In particular, broad relationships are often evident between the catalytic activity of an element or its compounds and the position of the element in the periodic table. These relationships introduce a measure of order into heterogeneous catalysis and will be useful in the development of a more fundamental understanding of the subject.The present review considers a variety of classes of reactions from the standpoint of assessing patterns of variation in behavior among catalysts. The types of reactions considered include hydrogenation, hydrogenolysis, isomerization, ammonia synthesis and decomposition, oxidation, and the decomposition of alcohols and organic acids. Relationships between catalytic activities and the chemisorption properties of reactants are discussed repeatedly. Both metal and oxide type catalysts are considered. However, most of the emphasis is on metals, for which more extensive data comparing specific catalytic activities are available.

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“…A kérdéses dolgozatban Wei és Prater megmutatta, hogy ha az együttható mátrix diagonalizálható, akkor a koncentráció-idő függvények a spektrálfelbontás segítségével számíthatók. A szerzők az efféle modelleket heterogén katalitikus rendszerek (ciklohexán hidrogénabsztrakciója, butének izomerizációja és hidrogé-nezése) leírására használták fel, amelyek további alkalmazások [57][58][59][60][61][62][63] [52,71]. Megkísérelték például a felettébb összetett transzlációs és transzkripciós folyamatok IRN-ekkel való reprezentálását [72], továbbá a fehérjék feltekeredésének modellezését egy U I N ún.…”

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The isomerization of aliphatic hydrocarbons over evaporated films of platinum and palladium

Cited by 137 publications

References 14 publications

Structure sensitivity of catalytic reactions

Structure sensitivity of catalytic reactions

Catalytic specificity

Konformációváltozások kinetikájának modellezése elsőrendű reakcióhálózatokkal

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