The Isolation, Properties and Taxonomic Relevance of Lipid-soluble, Iron-binding Compounds (the Nocobactins) from Nocardia

Ratledge, Colin; Patel, P. V.

doi:10.1099/00221287-93-1-141

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…In addition to the mycobactins, other known cell-associated siderophores include the structurally related formobactins (Murakami et al 1996), nocobactins (Ratledge and Patel 1976), and amamistatins (Suenaga et al 1999;Kokubo et al 2000).…”

Section: Amphiphilic Siderophoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Siderophores and Microbial Iron Mobilization

2005

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Iron is essential for the growth of nearly all microorganisms yet iron is only sparingly soluble near the neutral pH, aerobic conditions in which many microorganisms grow. The pH of ocean water is even higher, thereby further lowering the concentration of dissolved ferric ion. To compound the problem of availability, the total iron concentration is surprisingly low in surface ocean water, yet nevertheless, marine microorganisms still require iron for growth. Like terrestrial bacterial, bacteria isolated from open ocean water often produce siderophores, which are low molecular weight chelating ligands that facilitate the microbial acquisition of iron. The present review summarizes the structures of siderophores produced by marine bacteria and the emerging characteristics that distinguish marine siderophores.

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Section: Amphiphilic Siderophoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Siderophores and Microbial Iron Mobilization

2005

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“…The organisms contain free mycolic acids with 38 to 50 carbon units (Alshamaony et al, 1976a), have menaquinones with eight isoprene units and one hydrogenated double bond as the prevalent type (Collins et al, 1977), but do not possess mycobactins or nocobactins (Ratledge & Patel, 1976a). …”

Section: Distribution Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The group was described previously as phenon ~b (Goodfellow et al, do not possess mycobactins or nocobactins (Ratledge & Patel, 1976a). (Mordarski et al, , 1977.…”

Section: Distribution Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Actinomycete-genus Rhodococcus: A Home for the 'rhodochrous' Complex

Goodfellow

Alderson

1977

Journal of General Microbiology

282

165

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A numerical taxonomic classification study was carried out on 177 strains representing the ' rhodochrous ' complex and the genera Gordona, Mycobacterium and Nocardia. The strains were examined for 92 unit characters and the data were analysed by computer. Three clusters were defined at the 75 to 80 % similarity level. The first was a heterogeneous cluster corresponding to the ' rhodochrous' taxon whereas the other two contained Mycobacterium and Nocardia strains respectively. The good correlation between the numerical analysis and chemotaxonomic, serological and genetical data collected from previous studies provides sufficient evidence for raising the ' rhodochrous ' taxon to generic status. We consider the generic name Rhodococcus Zopf to have priority over Proactinomyces

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“…Mycobactins coordinate iron(III) through both oxygen atoms of the hydroxamate groups and the nitrogen and oxygen of the 2-hydroxyphenyloxazoline moiety. The formobactins, nocobactins, and amamistatins, isolated from Nocardia asteroides, Rhodococcus bronchialis, Rhodococcus rubropertinctus, and Rhodococcus terrae, are nearly identical to the mycobactin siderophores in both head group and hydrocarbon tail and are also found within the bacterial cellular membrane (31)(32)(33)(34)(35).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and membrane affinity of a suite of amphiphilic siderophores produced by a marine bacterium

Martinez

Carter-Franklin

Mann

et al. 2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

181

200

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Iron concentrations in the ocean are low enough to limit the growth of marine microorganisms, which raises questions about the molecular mechanisms these organisms use to acquire iron. Marine bacteria have been shown to produce siderophores to facilitate iron(III) uptake. We describe the structures of a suite of amphiphilic siderophores, named the amphibactins, which are produced by a nearshore isolate, ␥ Proteobacterium, Vibrio sp. R-10. Each amphibactin has the same Tris-hydroxamatecontaining peptidic headgroup composed of three ornithine residues and one serine residue but differs in the acyl appendage, which ranges from C-14 to C-18 and varies in the degree of saturation and hydroxylation. Although amphiphilic siderophores are relatively rare, cell-associated amphiphilic siderophores are even less common. We find that the amphibactins are cellassociated siderophores. As a result of the variation in the nature of the fatty acid appendage and the cellular location of the amphibactins, the membrane partitioning of these siderophores was investigated. The physiological mixture of amphibactins had a range of membrane affinities (3.8 ؋ 10 3 to 8.3 ؋ 10 2 M ؊1 ) that are larger overall than other amphiphilic siderophores, likely accounting for their cell association. This cell association is likely an important defense against siderophore diffusion in the oceanic environment. The phylogenetic affiliation of Vibrio sp. R-10 is discussed, as well as the observed predominance of amphiphilic siderophores produced by marine bacteria in contrast to those produced by terrestrial bacteria.

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The Isolation, Properties and Taxonomic Relevance of Lipid-soluble, Iron-binding Compounds (the Nocobactins) from Nocardia

Cited by 25 publications

References 12 publications

Marine Siderophores and Microbial Iron Mobilization

Marine Siderophores and Microbial Iron Mobilization

The Actinomycete-genus Rhodococcus: A Home for the 'rhodochrous' Complex

Structure and membrane affinity of a suite of amphiphilic siderophores produced by a marine bacterium

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