The interstitial macrophage: A long-neglected piece in the puzzle of lung immunity

Liégeois, Maude; Legrand, Céline; Desmet, Christophe; Marichal, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.02.001

Cited by 99 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Macrophages are present in almost every tissue or organ system including the barriers system comprising of respiratory tract (pulmonary alveolar and interstitial macrophages), skin, gastrointestinal tract (GIT), and reproductive tract [82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91]. Thus their presence in the every organ system along with the mucosal sites serving as potential sites for the entry of pathogens, toxins, allergens and xenobiotics makes them first line of defense.…”

Section: Role Of Monocytes and Macrophages In Host Defensementioning

confidence: 99%

Macrophages: The Potent Immunoregulatory Innate Immune Cells

Kumar¹

2020

Macrophage Activation - Biology and Disease

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Macrophages are ubiquitously present innate immune cells in humans and animals belonging to both invertebrates and vertebrates. These cells were first recognized by Elia Metchnikoff in 1882 in the larvae of starfish upon insertion of thorns of tangerine tree and later in Daphnia magna or common water flea infected with fungal spores as cells responsible for the process of phagocytosis of foreign particles. Elia Metchnikoff received the Noble prize (Physiology and Medicine) for his discovery and describing the process of phagocytosis in 1908. More than 130 years have passed and different subtypes and roles of macrophages as innate immune cells have been established by the researchers. In addition to their immunoregulatory role in immune homeostasis and pathogenic infection, they also play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of sterile inflammatory conditions including autoimmunity, obesity, and cancer. The present chapter describes the immunoregulatory role of macrophages in the homeostasis and inflammatory diseases varying from autoimmunity to metabolic diseases including obesity.

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Section: Role Of Monocytes and Macrophages In Host Defensementioning

confidence: 99%

Macrophages: The Potent Immunoregulatory Innate Immune Cells

Kumar¹

2020

Macrophage Activation - Biology and Disease

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“…M1 and M2 macrophages were de ned as CD11c and CD206 single-positive cells, respectively, and M2 subtypes were subdivided into M2a (CD206 + MHCII + CD86 -), M2b (CD206 -MHCII + CD86 +) , and M2c (CD206 + MHCII -CD86 -) [11][12][13]. In addition, by using CD11c and CD11b [14,15], four clusters (CD11c + CD11b -, CD11c + CD11b + , CD11c int CD11b + , CD11c -CD11b + ) were classi ed and analyzed (Fig.…”

Section: Cell Analysis By Ow Cytometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

WITHDRAWN: The Anti-asthmatic Effect of Intratracheally Treated Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Modulation of Lung Macrophage Activation

Kang

Shin

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess immunomodulatory properties that provide therapeutic potential for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. While the therapeutic and clinical effects of MSCs are partially known, the effects of its administration to the airway in asthma, a chronic airway inflammatory disease, remain unclear.MethodsSix-week-old female BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin. The effects of intratracheally administered umbilical cord MSCs were evaluated by measuring airway hyperresponsiveness, airway inflammatory cell analysis, histological analysis, flow cytometry, and quantitative real-time PCR. Furthermore, ex vivo experiments confirmed the effect of MSC treatment on macrophages that originated from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and were treated with interleukin (IL)-4 to induce M2 activation. Additionally, an in vitro transwell assay confirmed the effect of MSCs on macrophage activation through direct or indirect treatment using the CRL-2019 alveolar macrophage (AM) cell line.ResultsIntratracheal administration of MSCs significantly decreased the elevated levels of inflammatory cells and airway resistance in the murine asthma model. MSC administration also significantly decreased the numbers of Th2 cells, ILC2, and macrophages in the lungs of asthmatic mice. In particular, MHCII and CD86 expression was prominently reduced in dendritic cells and AMs following MSC treatment. Suppressed SiglecF+CD11c+CD11b- resident AMs, presenting strong negative correlation with type II inflammatory cells such as Th2 cells, ILC2, and eosinophils, were restored by intratracheal MSC treatment. Typical macrophage polarization to M2, particularly M2a, was significantly diminished. Expression levels of markers presenting M2 polarization and Th2 inflammation were decreased in the asthma model upon MSC administration. Ex vivo experiments of IL-4 treated AMs confirmed that MSC treatment reduced Il-12 and Tnfa expression as well as that of M2 markers such as Cd206 and Retnla. In vitro experiments of IL-4 treated AMs confirmed that both direct and indirect MSC treatments through transwells significantly reduced Il-5 and Il-13 expression. No difference between the two treatment methods was found.ConclusionsUmbilical cord MSCs appear to regulate pulmonary macrophages, suppress Th2 inflammation, and mediate anti-asthmatic effects via soluble mediators.

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“…Liegeois et al . 57 pointed out that a percentage of the lung interstitial macrophages could be supplemented by the monocytes in the blood circulation, we presumed that α7nAChR + interstitial macrophages may be derived from α7nAChR + monocytes, which probably recruited from the spleen after LPS challenge 54 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

High-fat diet-induced obesity affects alpha 7 nicotine acetylcholine receptor expressions in mouse lung myeloid cells

Zhu

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Ample evidence indicates that obesity causes dysfunctions in the lung. Previous studies also show that cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathways play crucial roles in obesity-induced chronic inflammation via α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) signaling. However, it remains unclear whether and how obesity affects the expressions of α7nAChR in myeloid cells in the lung. To address this question, we treated regular chow diet-fed mice or high-fat diet induced obese mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or vehicle via endotracheal injections. By using a multicolor flow cytometry approach to analyze and characterize differential cell subpopulations and α7nAChR expressions, we find no detectable α7nAChR in granulocytes, monocytes and alveolar macrophages, and low expression levels of α7nAChR were detected in interstitial macrophages. Interestingly, we find that a challenge with LPS treatment significantly increased expression levels of α7nAChR in monocytes, alveolar and interstitial macrophages. Meanwhile, we observed that the expression levels of α7nAChR in alveolar and interstitial macrophages in high-fat diet induced obese mice were lower than regular chow diet-fed mice challenged by the LPS. Together, our findings indicate that obesity alters the expressions of α7nAChR in differential lung myeloid cells.

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The interstitial macrophage: A long-neglected piece in the puzzle of lung immunity

Cited by 99 publications

References 53 publications

Macrophages: The Potent Immunoregulatory Innate Immune Cells

Macrophages: The Potent Immunoregulatory Innate Immune Cells

WITHDRAWN: The Anti-asthmatic Effect of Intratracheally Treated Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Modulation of Lung Macrophage Activation

High-fat diet-induced obesity affects alpha 7 nicotine acetylcholine receptor expressions in mouse lung myeloid cells

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