The inter-rater reliability of the 13-point manual muscle test in people with spinal cord injury

Bye, Elizabeth A.; Glinsky, Joanne; Yeomans, Jayne; Hungerford, Amy; Patterson, Helen; Chen, Lydia Y.; Harvey, Lisa

doi:10.1080/09593985.2019.1685033

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…We used this rather than more sophisticated dynamometers because we needed an outcome measure that was easy to administer and was readily interpretable. We acknowledge that the 13-point manual muscle test is less objective than dynamometry but it has clear validity and contrary to what is often assumed, it is surprisingly reliable when used by trained therapists [24]. The precision of our estimate confirms this.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…This scale was adapted from the traditional six-point manual muscle test with pluses and minuses, and has been recently tested for reliability. The weighted kappa coefficient (95% confidence interval (CI)) reflecting the agreement between the two strength assessments by two different assessors for the wrist extensors and elbow flexors were 0.96 (0.93 to 0.99) and 0.94 (0.89 to 0.99), respectively [24]. A between-group difference of 1 point on the 13-point scale was set as the minimally worthwhile treatment effect prior to the commencement of the trial.…”

Section: Muscle Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of 10,000 voluntary contractions over 8 weeks on the strength of very weak muscles in people with spinal cord injury: a randomised controlled trial

et al. 2020

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Study design A multi-centred, single-blinded randomised controlled trial. Objectives To determine the effect of 10,000 voluntary contractions over 8 weeks on the strength of very weak muscles in people with spinal cord injury (SCI). Settings Seven hospitals in Australia and Asia. Methods One hundred and twenty people with recent SCI undergoing inpatient rehabilitation were randomised to either a Treatment or Control Group. One major muscle group from an upper or lower limb was selected if the muscle had grade 1 or grade 2 strength on a standard six-point manual muscle test. Participants allocated to the Treatment Group performed 10,000 isolated contractions of the selected muscle group, as well as usual care in 48 sessions over 8 weeks. Participants allocated to the Control Group received usual care alone. Participants were assessed at baseline and 8 weeks by a blinded assessor. The primary outcome was voluntary muscle strength on a 13-point manual muscle test. There were three secondary outcomes capturing therapists' and participants' perceptions of strength and function. Results The mean between-group difference of voluntary strength at 8 weeks was 0.4/13 points (95% confidence interval −0.5 to 1.4) in favour of the Treatment Group. There were no notable between-group differences on any secondary outcome. Conclusion Ten thousand isolated contractions of very weak muscles in people with SCI over 8 weeks has either no or a very small effect on voluntary strength.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Muscle Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of 10,000 voluntary contractions over 8 weeks on the strength of very weak muscles in people with spinal cord injury: a randomised controlled trial

et al. 2020

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“…The MMT for bicep brachii of affected arm was performed with the patient in the lying position [ 31 ]. The MMT score was transformed to 0-12 scale according to the previous study (i.e., 5 score would transform to 12, 5- to 11, 4 to 10, and so forth) [ 32 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Muscular Electrical Activity and Blood Perfusion of Upper Extremity in Patients with Hemiplegic Shoulder Pain: A Pilot Study

et al. 2022

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Background. Hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP) is a common symptom for post-stroke patients, which has a severely adverse impact on their rehabilitation outcomes. However, the cause of HSP has not been clearly identified due to its complicated multifactorial etiologies. As possible causes of HSP, the abnormality of both muscular electrical activity and blood perfusion remains lack of investigations. Objective. This study aimed to analyze the alteration of muscular electrical activity and blood perfusion of upper extremity in patients with HSP by using surface electromyography (sEMG) and laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) measurement techniques, which may provide some insight into the etiology of HSP. Methods. In this observational and cross-sectional study, three groups of participants were recruited. They were hemiplegic patients with shoulder pain (HSP group), hemiplegic patients without shoulder pain (HNSP group), and healthy participants (Healthy group). The sEMG data and blood perfusion data were collected from all the subjects and used to compute three different physiological measures, the root-mean-square (RMS) and median-frequency (MDF) parameters of sEMG recordings, and the perfusion unit (PU) parameter of blood perfusion imaging. Results. The RMS parameter of sEMG showed significant difference ( p < 0.05 ) in the affected side between HSP, HNSP, and Healthy groups. The MDF parameter of sEMG and PU parameter of blood perfusion showed no significant difference in both sides among the three groups ( p > 0.05 ). The RMS parameter of sEMG showed a statistically significant correlation with the pain intensity ( r = -0.691, p =0.012). Conclusion. This study indicated that the muscular electrical activity of upper extremity had a correlation with the presence of HSP, and the blood perfusion seemed to be no such correlation. The findings of the study suggested an alternative way to explore the mechanism and treatment of HSP.

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“…Muscular strength can be assessed in various ways. Common laboratory techniques are the manual muscle test [ 4 , 5 , 6 ], isokinetic dynamometry [ 7 , 8 , 9 ], and isometric dynamometry [ 10 , 11 , 12 ]. The manual muscle test is widely used because it is fast and inexpensive, but it delivers low accuracy and sensitivity [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of One-Repetition Maximum, Type, and Repetition of Resistance Band Exercise Using RGB Camera and Inertial Measurement Unit Sensors

Hwang

Shim

Choi

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Resistance bands are widely used nowadays to enhance muscle strength due to their high portability, but the relationship between resistance band workouts and conventional dumbbell weight training is still unclear. Thus, this study suggests a convolutional neural network model that identifies the type of band workout and counts the number of repetitions and a regression model that deduces the band force that corresponds to the one-repetition maximum. Thirty subjects performed five different exercises using resistance bands and dumbbells. Joint movements during each exercise were collected using a camera and an inertial measurement unit. By using different types of input data, several models were created and compared. As a result, the accuracy of the convolutional neural network model using inertial measurement units and joint position is 98.83%. The mean absolute error of the repetition counting algorithm ranges from 0.88 (seated row) to 3.21(overhead triceps extension). Lastly, the values of adjusted r-square for the 5 exercises are 0.8415 (chest press), 0.9202 (shoulder press), 0.8429 (seated row), 0.8778 (biceps curl), and 0.9232 (overhead triceps extension). In conclusion, the model using 10-channel inertial measurement unit data and joint position data has the best accuracy. However, the model needs to improve the inaccuracies resulting from non-linear movements and one-time performance.

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The inter-rater reliability of the 13-point manual muscle test in people with spinal cord injury

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

The effects of 10,000 voluntary contractions over 8 weeks on the strength of very weak muscles in people with spinal cord injury: a randomised controlled trial

The effects of 10,000 voluntary contractions over 8 weeks on the strength of very weak muscles in people with spinal cord injury: a randomised controlled trial

Analysis of Muscular Electrical Activity and Blood Perfusion of Upper Extremity in Patients with Hemiplegic Shoulder Pain: A Pilot Study

Estimation of One-Repetition Maximum, Type, and Repetition of Resistance Band Exercise Using RGB Camera and Inertial Measurement Unit Sensors

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