Fig. 6. Effect of the value of on the output rise time of the pulse. is too fast for this FDTD grid.In the FCT case, the rise time of the pulse steepens from 75 ns to approximately 2 ns. In the FDTD case, the rise time steepens to about 20 ns, which is much larger than the value of . Using the standard FDTD update, the effect of different values of on the output rise time of the pulse is shown in Fig. 6.When is 1 ps, the pulse steepens to a rise time on the order of 1 ns, which is too steep for the grid, as shown by the resulting oscillations. The FCT algorithm is needed to remove the oscillations. The FCT algorithm with results in a shock wave that steepens to approximately the limit the grid can support. To model a steeper shock, a more refined grid must be employed. For FDTD and , 3 ps, and 4 ps, the output rise time is approximately 20 ns, 55 ns, and 80 ns, respectively. Since the input rise time is 75 ns, a shock wave is no longer forming when is 4 ps. The value of should be a property of the material being modeled, although measuring the value is apparently challenging because the rise time of a shock in the material differs greatly from the value of .
IV. CONCLUSIONAn algorithm is presented for modeling non-linear ferro-electrics in FDTD. A polynomial fit is applied to the versus curve, and finite material response time can be modeled. If the material response time is sufficiently fast, very steep shock wave form, resulting in spurious grid oscillations. The flux corrected transport algorithm effectively removes these oscillations. Numerical results show the utility of the algorithm.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTThe authors appreciate Dr. J. Hammond for editing the text and suggesting compact notation for equations.
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Abstract-Method of moments (MoM) simulation of fringe waves generated by a line source that excites a perfectly reflecting wedge is introduced and compared with the exact physical theory of diffraction (PTD) fringe waves.Index Terms-Fringe wave, line source, physical optics (PO), physical theory of diffraction (PTD), method of moments (MoM), uniform currents, non-uniform currents, wedge.