The influence of the trapping potential on the attachment of a second electron to stored metal cluster and fullerene anions

Herlert, A.; Jertz, R.; Alonso, J.; Martı́nez, Alejandro; Schweikhard, L.

doi:10.1016/s1387-3806(02)00723-6

Cited by 36 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Contrary to the reduced dianion signal at m / z = 42.5, the dianion signal at m / z = 66.5 ͑C 11 2− with one 13 C without flooding͒ was about a factor of 4 more intense for additional toluene flooding. This might suggest a superimposed contribution by 12 C 11 1 H 2− . On one occasion, surprisingly, a weak dianion signal at m / z = 40.5 ͑Fig.…”

Section: −mentioning

confidence: 99%

Small gas-phase dianions produced by sputtering and gas flooding

Franzreb

Williams

2005

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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We have extended our previous experiment [Schauer et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 625 (1990)] where we had produced small gas-phase dianion clusters of C(n) (2-)(n > or =7) by means of sputtering a graphite surface by Cs(+) ion bombardment. Our detection sensitivity for small C(n) (2-) could now be increased by a factor of about 50 for odd n. Nevertheless, a search for the elusive pentamer dianion of C(5) (2-) was not successful. As an upper limit, the sputtered flux of C(5) (2-) must be at least a factor of 5000 lower than that of C(7) (2-), provided that the lifetime of C(5) (2-) is sufficiently long to allow its detection by mass spectrometry. When oxygen gas (flooding with either O(2) or with N(2)O) was supplied to the Cs(+)-bombarded graphite surface, small dianions of OC(n) (2-)(5< or =n < or =14) and O(2)C(7) (2-) were observed in addition to C(n) (2-)(n > or =7). Similarly, Cs(+) sputtering of graphite with simultaneous SF(6) gas flooding produced SC(n) (2-)(6< or =n< or =18). Mixed nitrogen-carbon or fluorine-carbon dianion clusters could not be observed by these means. Attempts to detect mixed metal-fluoride dianions for SF(6) gas flooding of various Cs(+)-bombarded metal surfaces were successful for the case of Zr, where metastable ZrF(6) (2-) was observed. Cs(+) bombardment of a silicon carbide (SiC) wafer produced SiC(n) (2-) (n=6,8,10). When oxygen gas was supplied to the Cs(+)-bombarded SiC surface, small dianions of SiOC(n) (2-) (n=4,6,8) and of SiO(2)C(n) (2-) (n=4,6) as well as a heavier unidentified dianion (at mz=98.5) were observed. For toluene (C(7)H(8)) vapor flooding of a Cs(+)-bombarded graphite surface, several hydrocarbon dianion clusters of C(n)H(m) (2-)(n> or =7) were produced in addition to C(n) (2-)(n> or =7), while smaller C(n)H(m) (2-) with n< or =6 could not be observed. BeC(n) (2-) (n=4,6,8,10), Be(2)C(6) (2-), as well as BeC(8)H(m) (2-) (with m=2 and/or m=1) were observed for toluene vapor flooding of a Cs(+)-bombarded beryllium metal foil. The metastable pentamer (9)Be(12)C(4) (2-) at mz=28.5 was the smallest and lightest dianion molecule that we could detect. The small dianion clusters of SC(n) (2-), OC(n) (2-), BeC(n) (2-), and SiO(m)C(n) (2-) (m=0,1,2) have different abundance patterns. A resemblance exists between the abundance patterns of BeC(n) (2-) and SiC(n) (2-), even though calculated molecular structures of BeC(6) (2-) and SiC(6) (2-) are different. The abundance pattern of SC(n) (2-) is fairly similar to that of C(n) (2-).

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Section: −mentioning

confidence: 99%

Small gas-phase dianions produced by sputtering and gas flooding

Franzreb

Williams

2005

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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“…After switching off the electron beam, the clusters remain for another second in the electron bath to create further dianions. The number of dianions produced depends on the initial number of stored monoanions, the applied trapping potential [55], and the experimental parameters related to the electron bath, e.g. duration and energy of the applied electron beam as well as the amount of argon gas pulsed into the trap volume.…”

Section: Dianion Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron binding energies from collisional activation of metal-cluster dianions

Herlert

Schweikhard

2011

Appl. Phys. B

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Gold-cluster dianions Au 2− n , n = 21-31, have been investigated by use of multi-collisional excitation in a Penning trap. At low excitation energies the corresponding singly charged cluster anions have been observed, but no fragments, which indicates the emission of one electron. The binding energy of the surplus electron is deduced from the dianion yield observed as a function of the collision energy by use of a statistical model based on detailed balance. The resulting binding energies of the second electrons are in good agreement with a simple liquid-drop model with empirical corrections including the Coulomb barrier. The double difference of these energies shows a strong odd-even staggering which is compared to the behavior of the electron affinity of neutral gold clusters.

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“…Dianion stability is expected to increase with cage size and, indeed, C 70 2ÿ was also detected along with C 60 2ÿ in the original mass spectrometry observation [10,11]. It has subsequently been produced by electrospray [14] and by electron attachment to C 70 ÿ in a Penning trap [15], as well as by charge transfer very recently [13]. However, an electrostatic model estimate suggested that C 70 2ÿ is not stable against autodetachment and possesses a negative binding energy for the second electron on the order of ÿ 0:28 eV [16,17].…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Direct Experimental Probe of the On-Site Coulomb Repulsion in the Doubly Charged Fullerene AnionC702−

et al. 2006

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Vibrationally resolved photoelectron spectra were obtained for cold C(70)- and C(70)2-. Accurate values for the first and second electron affinities (EA's) of C(70) were measured as 2.765 +/- 0.010 and 0.002 (+0.01/-0.03)eV, respectively, establishing that C(70)-2 is an electronically stable dianion in the gas phase. The difference between the first and second EA (2.75 eV) provides a direct experimental measure for the on-site Coulomb and exchange interactions between the two excess electrons in C(70)-2. Strong electron correlation effects were also observed between the two excess electrons in C(70)-2.

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The influence of the trapping potential on the attachment of a second electron to stored metal cluster and fullerene anions

Cited by 36 publications

References 43 publications

Small gas-phase dianions produced by sputtering and gas flooding

Small gas-phase dianions produced by sputtering and gas flooding

Electron binding energies from collisional activation of metal-cluster dianions

Direct Experimental Probe of the On-Site Coulomb Repulsion in the Doubly Charged Fullerene AnionC702−

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