The influence of the open burning of agricultural biomass and forest fires in Thailand on the carbonaceous components in size-fractionated particles

Phairuang, Worradorn; Suwattiga, Panwadee; Chetiyanukornkul, Thaneeya; Hongtieab, Surapa; Limpaseni, Wongpun; Ikemori, Fumikazu; Hata, Mitsuhiko; Furuuchi, Masami

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.001

Cited by 112 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…It has also been demonstrated that air quality in Thailand can be affected both in locations where biomass burning is intensive, but also in more distant regions. For example, it has been observed that the clearing of tropical forest in SE Asia for commercial agriculture causes the release of significant quantities of gases and aerosols, which disrupts air quality and produces haze in neighbouring countries [63,64]. These transboundary effects are heavily dependent on meteorological conditions, including prevailing wind and precipitation levels.…”

Section: Sources Of Pm In Thailandmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Harmful Is Particulate Matter Emitted from Biomass Burning? A Thailand Perspective

et al. 2019

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Purpose of Review A large body of epidemiological evidence demonstrates that exposure to particulate matter (PM) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Many epidemiology studies have investigated the health effects of PM in Europe and North America and focussed on traffic derived PM. However, elevated levels of PM are a global problem and the impacts of other sources of PM on health should be assessed. Biomass burning can increase PM levels in urban and rural indoor and outdoor environments in developed and developing countries. We aim to identify whether the health effects of traffic and biomass burning derived PM are similar by performing a narrative literature review. We focus on Thailand as haze episodes from agricultural biomass burning can substantially increase PM levels. Recent Findings Existing epidemiology, in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that biomass burning derived PM elicits toxicity via stimulation of oxidative stress, inflammation and genotoxicity. Thus, it is likely to cause similar adverse health outcomes to traffic PM, which causes toxicity via similar mechanisms. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding whether traffic or biomass burning derived PM is most hazardous. Also, there is evidence that PM released from different biomass sources varies in its toxic potency. Summary We recommend that epidemiology studies are performed in Thailand to better understand the impacts of PM emitted from specific biomass sources (e.g. agricultural burning). Further, experimental studies should assess the toxicity of PM emitted from more diverse biomass sources. This will fill knowledge gaps and inform evidence-based interventions that protect human health.

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Section: Sources Of Pm In Thailandmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Harmful Is Particulate Matter Emitted from Biomass Burning? A Thailand Perspective

et al. 2019

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“…This discrepancy may result from intensive agricultural activities in the less urbanized cities. (28)(29)(30)Fossil fuel combustion in industrial facilities or power plants isthe major source of SO 2 emissions. (31)Because of the high land value and appropriateland and emission standards, industrial factories or power plants are not preferably setup in areas with a high population density.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Exposure to Air Pollution and The Risk of Developing Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Tsai

Hsu

Chou

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background The association between exposure to air pollution and sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) has not been extensively discussed in the literature. Therefore, we conducted this nationwide study to evaluate the risk of SSNHL in Taiwanese residents with exposure to air pollution.Methods We enrolled subjects aged older than 20 years with no history of SSNHL from 1998 to 2010, and followed up until developing SSNHL, withdrawn from the National Health Insurance program, and the end of the database (2011/12/31). The air quality data are managed by Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration. The annual concentrations of PM2.5, SO2, CO, NO, and NO2 from 1998 to 2010 were classified into the three levels according to tertiles. We calculated the annual average of pollutants from baseline until the end of the study, and classified into tertiles. The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) was estimated by using the multivariate Cox proportional hazard model.Results When considered continuous air pollutants concentration, subjects who exposed with higher concentration of CO (aHR=2.19, 95%CI=1.52-3.15), NO (aHR=1.02, 95%CI=1.01-1.03), and NO2 (aHR=1.02, 95%CI=1.01-1.04) developing significant higher risk of SSNHL.When classified air pollutants concentration into low, moderate and high level by tertiles, and selected low level as reference, patients exposed with moderate (aHR=1.58, 95%CI=1.21-2.06) or high level (aHR=1.32, 95%CI=1.00-1.74) of PM2.5 showed significant higher risk of developing SSNHL.Conclusion This study indicated an increased risk of SSNHL in residents with long-term exposure to air pollution. Nevertheless, further experimental and clinical studies are needed to validate the study findings.Disclosure statementAll authors declare that there is no conflicts of interest. This study was approved in part by Taiwan Ministry of Health and Welfare Clinical Trial and Research Center of Excellence (MOHW105-TDU-B-212-133019). The committee agree to waive the requirement for consent.

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“…Forest fire events occurred throughout South and Southeast Asia during each dry season from 2001 to 2015 (Chen et al, 2017). It has been shown that there is heavy air movement from the south and southwest direction passing through many hotspot areas in Chiang Mai by the event on 21 March 2015 (Phairuang et al, 2019), and that PM 10 is driven into the Chiang Mai Basin by southwest winds from Thai-Myanmar border (Kiatwattanacharoen et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute effects of air pollution on all-cause mortality: a natural experiment from haze control measures in Chiang Mai Province, Thailand

Vajanapoom

Kooncumchoo

Thach

2020

PeerJ

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Background Serious haze episodes have been a seasonal event in Chiang Mai province for more than a decade. In 2008, local government agencies introduced comprehensive measures to control haze and limit its impacts on public health. This study assessed the acute effects of ambient air pollutants on all-cause mortality before and after the introduction of those haze control measures. Methods We obtained daily mortality counts and data on mass concentrations of particulate matter <10 micron in aerodynamic diameter (PM10), gaseous pollutants (SO2, NO2, O3, and CO), and meteorology in Chiang Mai Province between January 2002 and December 2016. We analyzed the data using a case-crossover approach adjusting for temperature, relative humidity, seasonality, and day-of-week. We assessed change in the excess risks of all-cause mortality associated with an increase in interquartile range (IQR) of pollutant concentration before and after control measures came into force. Results We found decreased PM10 levels and markedly reduced excess risks of daily mortality associated with an IQR increase in PM10 concentrations in the years after haze-control measures were implemented (2009–2016). We found mixed results for gaseous pollutants: SO2 showed no significant change in excess risk of daily mortality throughout the study period, while NO2 and CO showed significant excess risks only in the period 2012–2016, and 8-h maximum O3 showed a decrease in excess risk despite an increase in its atmospheric levels after the introduction of haze control measures in 2008. Conclusions The findings indicate that the government haze control measures first introduced in Chiang Mai province in 2008 have successfully reduced episodic PM10 concentrations, which has led to a decrease in short-term all-cause mortality.

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The influence of the open burning of agricultural biomass and forest fires in Thailand on the carbonaceous components in size-fractionated particles

Cited by 112 publications

References 52 publications

How Harmful Is Particulate Matter Emitted from Biomass Burning? A Thailand Perspective

How Harmful Is Particulate Matter Emitted from Biomass Burning? A Thailand Perspective

Long-Term Exposure to Air Pollution and The Risk of Developing Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Acute effects of air pollution on all-cause mortality: a natural experiment from haze control measures in Chiang Mai Province, Thailand

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