The influence of subcortical shortcuts on disordered sensory and cognitive processing

McFadyen, Jessica; Dolan, Raymond J.; Garrido, Marta I.

doi:10.1038/s41583-020-0287-1

Cited by 77 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 206 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Such cellular changes likely impact on the functional organization of cortical microcircuits in autism, also suggested by molecular studies in animals 4,[22][23][24][25]85,86 . These findings collectively support the imbalance in excitation and inhibition of cortical areas in autism 4,9,16,22,87,88 , which have been related to anomalies in cortical neurotransmitter systems [89][90][91][92] and atypical subcortico-cortical interactions with subcortical structures such as thalamus modulating this balance 7,11,24,74,75,93 . Here, we obtained support for perturbations in cortical microcircuit function from a network perspective, by leveraging a biophysically plausible computational model of brain function, which seeks to tune parameters to optimize the link between structural and connectomes 18 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Connectome and microcircuit models implicate atypical subcortico-cortical interactions in autism pathophysiology

Park

Hong

Valk

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Both macroscale connectome miswiring and microcircuit anomalies have been suggested to play a role in the pathophysiology of autism. However, an overarching framework that consolidates these macro and microscale perspectives of the condition is lacking. Here, we combined connectome-wide manifold learning and biophysical simulation models to understand associations between global network perturbations and microcircuit dysfunctions in autism. Our analysis established that autism showed significant differences in structural connectome organization relative to neurotypical controls, with strong effects in low-level somatosensory regions and moderate effects in high-level association cortices. Computational models revealed that the degree of macroscale anomalies was related to atypical increases of subcortical inputs into cortical microcircuits, especially in sensory and motor areas. Transcriptomic decoding and developmental gene enrichment analyses provided biological context and pointed to genes expressed in cortical and thalamic areas during childhood and adolescence. Supervised machine learning showed the macroscale perturbations predicted sociocognitive symptoms and repetitive behaviors. Our analyses provide convergent support that atypical subcortico-cortical interactions may contribute to both microcircuit and macroscale connectome anomalies in autism.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Connectome and microcircuit models implicate atypical subcortico-cortical interactions in autism pathophysiology

Park

Hong

Valk

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Our results may provide further evidence for subcortical "short-cuts" for sensory and cognitive processing 36 , such as fear or threat. Previously 23 we proposed that rapid subcortical routes for threat processing may be recruited during the act of self-criticism or self-hatred, given the brain may utilize similar routes for processing both physical and social pain 37 , but importantly from empirical work which has found an association between amygdala processing and lingual gyrus activation during threat processing 38 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Attachment styles modulate neural markers of threat and imagery when engaging in self-criticism

Kim

Kent

Cunnington

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Attachment styles hold important downstream consequences for mental health through their contribution to the emergence of self-criticism. To date, no work has extended our understanding of the influence of attachment styles on self-criticism at a neurobiological level. Herein we investigate the relationship between self-reported attachment styles and neural markers of self-criticism using fMRI. A correlation network analysis revealed lingual gyrus activation during self-criticism, a marker of visual mental imagery, correlated with amygdala activity (threat response). It also identified that secure attachment positively correlated with lingual gyrus activation, whilst avoidant attachment was negatively correlated with lingual gyrus activation. Further, at greater levels of amygdala response, more securely attached individuals showed greater lingual gyrus activation, and more avoidantly attached individuals showed less lingual gyrus activation. Our data provide the first evidence that attachment mechanisms may modulate threat responses and mental imagery when engaging in selfcriticism, which have important clinical and broader social implications.

show abstract

“…Thus, orientation column-like structures have been Review identified in the SC of rodents 36,37 , although these have not been evident in all studies 208 . Furthermore, face-selective SC neurons have been found in primates 209,210 , and the SC has been implicated in processing aversive image and face recognition in primates, including humans [210][211][212][213] . It has also been reported that some blindsight patients can detect facial expressions, a phenomenon called 'affective blindsight' 67 , further suggesting that roles traditionally viewed as cortical can also be performed in the tectum/SC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The tectum/superior colliculus as the vertebrate solution for spatial sensory integration and action

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The superior colliculus, or tectum in the case of non-mammalian vertebrates, is a part of the brain that registers events in the surrounding space, often through vision and hearing, but also through electrosensation, infrared detection, and other sensory modalities in diverse vertebrate lineages. This information is used to form maps of the surrounding space and the positions of different salient stimuli in relation to the individual. The sensory maps are arranged in layers with visual input in the uppermost layer, other senses in deeper positions, and a spatially aligned motor map in the deepest layer. Here, we will review the organization and intrinsic function of the tectum/superior colliculus and the information that is processed within tectal circuits. We will also discuss tectal/superior colliculus outputs that are conveyed directly to downstream motor circuits or via the thalamus to cortical areas to control various aspects of behavior. The tectum/superior colliculus is evolutionarily conserved among all vertebrates, but tailored to the sensory specialties of each lineage, and its roles have shifted with the emergence of the cerebral cortex in mammals. We will illustrate both the conserved and divergent properties of the tectum/superior colliculus through vertebrate evolution by comparing tectal processing in lampreys belonging to the oldest group of extant vertebrates, larval zebrafish, rodents, and other vertebrates including primates. ''The tectum/SC's intrinsic networks, and the computations that they perform'', to the sensory and sensorimotor integration ll

show abstract

The influence of subcortical shortcuts on disordered sensory and cognitive processing

Cited by 77 publications

References 206 publications

Connectome and microcircuit models implicate atypical subcortico-cortical interactions in autism pathophysiology

Connectome and microcircuit models implicate atypical subcortico-cortical interactions in autism pathophysiology

Attachment styles modulate neural markers of threat and imagery when engaging in self-criticism

The tectum/superior colliculus as the vertebrate solution for spatial sensory integration and action

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About