The influence of slope angle on final infiltration rate for interrill conditions

Fox, Dennis; Bryan, Rorke B.; Price, A.G.

doi:10.1016/s0016-7061(97)00075-x

Cited by 202 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…Several analytical and experimental studies have related the spatial variability of infiltration rates to differences in both biomass density (Dunkerley, 2002;Bhark and Small, 2003;Ludwig et al, 2005) and flow depth along a hillslope (Dunne et al, 1991;Fox et al, 1997Fox et al, , 1998. The observations by Dunkerley (2002) on the spatial patterns of soil moisture and infiltration rates in a banded mulga woodland in arid central Australia provide evidence for the dependence of infiltration on biomass density for arid regions.…”

Section: Overland Flow Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Eco-geomorphology of banded vegetation patterns in arid and semi-arid regions

Saco

Willgoose

Hancock

2007

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

206

209

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Abstract.The interaction between vegetation and hydrologic processes is particularly tight in water-limited environments where a positive-feedback links soil moisture and vegetation. The vegetation of these systems is commonly patterned, that is, arranged in a two phase mosaic composed of patches with high biomass cover interspersed within a lowcover or bare soil component. These patterns are strongly linked to the redistribution of runoff and resources from source areas (bare patches) to sink areas (vegetation patches) and play an important role in controlling erosion.In this paper, the dynamics of these systems is investigated using a new modeling framework that couples landform and vegetation evolution, explicitly accounting for the dynamics of runon-runoff areas. The objective of this study is to analyze water-limited systems on hillslopes with mild slopes, in which overland flow occurs predominantly in only one direction and vegetation displays a banded pattern. Our simulations reproduce bands that can be either stationary or upstream migrating depending on the magnitude of the runoffinduced seed dispersal. We also found that stationary banded systems redistribute sediment so that a stepped microtopography is developed. The modelling results are the first to incorporate the effects of runoff redistribution and variable infiltration rates on the development of both the vegetation patterns and microtopography. The microtopography for stationary bands is characterized by bare soil on the lower gradient areas and vegetation on steeper gradients areas. For the case of migrating vegetation bands the model generates hillslope profiles with planar topography. The success at generating not only the observed patterns of vegetation, but also patterns of runoff and sediment redistribution suggests that the hydrologic and erosion mechanisms represented in the Correspondence to: P. M. Saco (patricia.saco@newcastle.edu.au) model are correctly capturing some of the key processes driving these ecosystems.

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Section: Overland Flow Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Eco-geomorphology of banded vegetation patterns in arid and semi-arid regions

Saco

Willgoose

Hancock

2007

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

206

209

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“…It influences surface storage capacity and pressure head during ponding; both of them decrease with an increase in slope [59] and are also affected by the raindrop density per unit of surface area [60]. Several experiments have been conducted to determine the influence of slope on water infiltration, but with conflicting results reported in the literature.…”

Section: Water Infiltrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Slope, Rainfall Intensity and Mulch on Erosion and Infiltration under Simulated Rain on Purple Soil of South-Western Sichuan Province, China

Khan

Gong

Ting-xing

et al. 2016

Water

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Purple soil is widely distributed in the hilly areas of the Sichuan basin, southwest China, and is highly susceptible to water erosion. The triggering of this process is related to slope, rainfall intensity and surface cover. Therefore, this study assesses the effects of different simulated rainfall intensities with different slopes on hydrological and erosional processes in un-mulched and mulched purple soils. Results show that the sediment and water losses increased with an increase of rainfall intensity and slope steepness. Generally, the slope contribution (Sc) on water and sediment losses decreased with increasing rainfall intensity and slope steepness under both un-mulched and mulched soil. In un-mulched conditions, water losses were independent of slope steepness (Sc < 50%) during the highest rainfall intensity. However, in mulched soil, the higher contributions of slope (Sc) and rainfall (Rc) were found for water and sediment losses, respectively, i.e., >50%, except during the increase in slope steepness from 15 • to 25 • under the highest rainfall intensity (120 mm·h −1 ). The effectiveness of mulch was more pronounced in reducing sediment losses (81%-100%) compared with water losses (14%-100%). The conservation effectiveness of mulch both decreased and increased with slope steepness for water and sediment losses, respectively, under higher rainfall intensities. Water infiltration and recharge coefficient (RC) decreased with an increase of slope steepness, while with an increase in rainfall intensity, the water infiltration and RC were increased and decreased, respectively, in both un-mulched and mulched soil. On the other hand, mulched soil maintained a significantly (α = 0.05) higher infiltration capacity and RC compared to that of the un-mulched soil.

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“…These differences are mainly caused by the actual rainfall amount received on the slope corresponding to different deflection angles. These results also imply a possible explanation for the conflicting observations reported in previous studies [see Poesen, 1984;Govers, 1991;De Ploey et al, 1976;Djorovic, 1980;Sharma et al, 1983Sharma et al, , 1986Fox et al, 1997;Chaplot and Le Bissonnais, 2000]. In those cases, the angle of rainfall relative to the ground surface was not taken into account.…”

Section: Effect Of Nonvertical Rainfallmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Indoor experiments and field observations on runoff generation have been used to these effects; however, it still remains as a controversial problem. For example, Poesen [1984] and Govers [1991] both observed a decrease in runoff with increasing slope; but other researchers [e.g., De Ploey et al, 1976;Djorovic, 1980;Sharma et al, 1983Sharma et al, , 1986Fox et al, 1997;Chaplot and Le Bissonnais, 2000] observed an increase in runoff with increasing slope angle. Still others [Lal, 1976;Mah et al, 1992;Grosh and Jarrett, 1994] found no significant effect of slope angle on runoff.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green‐Ampt infiltration model for sloping surfaces

Chen

Young

2006

Water Resources Research

186

112

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[1] This work quantifies and explains the direct physical effects of slope angle on infiltration and runoff generation by extending the Green-Ampt equation onto sloping surfaces. A new extended solution using identical precipitation hydrographs was compared to the original formulation and then used to calculate the infiltration and runoff generation for different slope angles but for identical horizontal projection lengths. Homogeneous and isotropic soil is assumed, and two different boundary conditions for vertical rainfall are studied: ponded infiltration and infiltration under steady rainfall. Infiltration under unsteady rainfall was found to be similar to cases with steady rainfall. Both theoretical and numerical results show that infiltration increases with increasing slope angle. For cases with ponded infiltration the slope effect was generally not significant for mild to moderate slopes, but the slope effect became more important for low-intensity and short-duration rainfall events, especially as it delayed the time for ponding. It was also found that the cumulative vertical infiltration depth (I hp ) at ponding (or the initial loss) increases with increasing slope angle. The model was compared to Richards' equation on horizontal and sloping surfaces and found to perform well. The model's applicability for nonuniform slopes was discussed, and it was found that the model is generally applicable for isotropic and mildly anisotropic soils except for some small-scale topographic elements. Finally, the occurrence of nonvertical rainfall could increase runoff with increasing slope angle when rainfall deflects a large angle to upslope.

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The influence of slope angle on final infiltration rate for interrill conditions

Cited by 202 publications

References 14 publications

Eco-geomorphology of banded vegetation patterns in arid and semi-arid regions

Eco-geomorphology of banded vegetation patterns in arid and semi-arid regions

Effect of Slope, Rainfall Intensity and Mulch on Erosion and Infiltration under Simulated Rain on Purple Soil of South-Western Sichuan Province, China

Green‐Ampt infiltration model for sloping surfaces

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