The influence of raw and processed garlic and onions on plasma classical and non‐classical atherosclerosis indices: investigations in vitro and in vivo

Abstract

Garlic and white and red varieties of onion were subjected to processing by a variety of culinary methods, and bioactive compounds then determined. For in vivo studies, 84 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 14 diet groups, each of six rats, including two control groups (one with no supplementation and one with cholesterol supplementation only). During the 30-day trial, the basal diets of the other 12 groups were supplemented with 1% cholesterol and raw or processed vegetables. Both raw red onion and red onion subjected to blanching for 90 s hindered the rise in plasma lipids more than the other vegetables studied in the supplemented diets. The decrease in antioxidant activity compared to the cholesterol-supplemented control group was significantly less for the group fed with red onion subjected to blanching for 90 s. No histological changes were detected in the studied organs of rats that had been fed cholesterol. In conclusion, blanching for 90 s most fully preserved the bioactive compounds and antioxidant potentials, and hindered the rise in plasma lipid levels and the decrease in plasma antioxidant activity of rats fed cholesterol. Alkaline phosphatase levels correlated with classical atherosclerosis indices, and determination of alkaline phosphatase is suggested as an additional index in atherosclerosis testing.

Enterocin BacFL31 from a SafetyEnterococcus faeciumFL31: Natural Preservative Agent Used Alone and in Combination with Aqueous Peel Onion (Allium cepa) Extract in Ground Beef Meat Storage

“…It should be noted that the phytochemical composition of onions is believed to vary according to species and cultivation technique. Among the species of onions, the red onion is known to be rich in polyphenols, flavonoids, flavonol, and tannin [53].…”

High-cholesterol diet enriched with onion affects endothelium-dependent relaxation and NADPH oxidase activity in mesenteric microvessels from Wistar rats

“…Furthermore, interesting results have been described for raw onion and onion extracts in relation to the inhibition of platelet aggregation [ 57 ], anti-apoptotic activity in DOX-mediated entothelial cells [ 58 ], antioxidant protection against lipoprotein oxidation and oxidative stress [ 47 , 59 ], and regulation of endogenous H 2 S pathway [ 60 , 61 ].…”

Antioxidant Activity of Spices and Their Impact on Human Health: A Review

“…It is an inhibitor of low density lipoprotein oxidation and also showed effects against neurodegenerative diseases. Ginger and garlic have extensively therapeutic effects [ 90 , 91 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 , 120 ], especially for cardiovascular diseases. These will be reviewed in following section.…”