The Influence of New Silicate Cement Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA Repair HP) on Metalloproteinase MMP-2 and MMP-9 Expression in Cultured THP-1 Macrophages

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the new silicate cement mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA Repair HP) with respect to its effect on the inflammation process involving the tooth and periodontal tissues. The composition of MTA Repair HP was supplemented with plasticizer agents which can have a negative effect on the modulation of tooth inflammation. The silicate-based material in question is widely used in regeneration of the pulp-dentin complex, treatment of perforations of various locations in the tooth, as well as in surgical treatment of the complications of periapical tissue. The improved bioceramic restorative cement can affect the expression of metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 in monocytes/macrophages involved in modulation of inflammation and regenerative processes of the tooth and periodontal tissues. The novel aspect of the present study lies in the application of the model of THP-1 monocyte/macrophage and applying the biomaterial in direct contact with the cells. Hence, it provides a representation of clinical conditions with respect to regenerative pulp and periodontal treatment with the use of MTA Repair HP. A lack of macrophage activation (as measured with flow cytometry) was found. Moreover, the study identified a lack of expression stimulation of the studied metalloproteinases (with the use of Western blotting and fluorescent microscopy). Similarly, no increase in MMP-2 and MMP-9 concentration was found (measured by ELISA method) in vitro when incubated with MTA Repair HP. Based on the results it can be concluded that new MTA Repair HP does not increase the inflammatory response in monocytes/macrophages associated with the activity of the described enzymes. It can also be speculated that they do not affect the process of dentin regeneration in which MMP-2 and MMP-9 play significant roles.

New Bioactive Calcium Silicate Cement Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Repair High Plasticity (MTA HP)—A Systematic Review

“…The group of research papers on the biological properties comprised a total of 18 scientific articles, including: seven studies on human cells in vitro [ 12 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ], seven on Wistar rats in vivo [ 6 , 9 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ], two research papers on mice in vitro [ 21 , 29 ] and three papers cells in vitro [ 37 , 38 , 39 ]. A brief description of the aforementioned studies is presented in Table 7 .…”

“…The MTA HP cement was developed to overcome the disadvantages of previous MTA materials. In particular, the materials used for retrofilling the canals require greater plasticity, shorter setting time and easy insertion into the root [ 12 ]. The discussion describes the selection of the most important physicochemical and biological parameters of the MTA HP as a bioceramic material.…”

“…Out of the biological parameters, the inflammatory response of the tissues in contact with MTA HP is discussed particularly often [ 6 , 9 , 12 , 18 , 20 , 21 ]. From the clinical perspective, the most desirable situation is that of a lack of such a response, which would indicate an ideal biocompatibility of the material covering the tissue.…”

“…The formula of MTA HP maintains all the chemical and biological characteristics of the original MTA preparation. Table 1 shows the composition of MTA (ProRoot MTA, Densply Sirona) cement used as a gold standard in endodontics and the properties of MTA HP material under study [ 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

The Role of Monocytes and Macrophages in Homeostasis and Disease and Novel Avenues for Putative Treatments

“…Their research strengthens the possibility that lupus disease activation may be related to the NSAID-enteropathy-induced gut leakage. In the same issue, Barczak et al described the effect of a new silicate cement mineral, trioxide aggregate (MTA Repair HP), on the macrophage-related inflammation processes of the tooth and periodontal tissues [ 18 ]. The material studied here is used in the regeneration of the pulp–dentin complex, treatments of teeth perforations, and periapical tissue.…”