The influence of locomotory style on three-dimensional spatial learning

Davis, Victoria A.; Holbrook, Robert I.; Perera, Theresa Burt de

doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2018.06.002

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The authors conclude that "the neural map of space is 'multi-planar' rather than fully volumetric" (Hayman et al 2015). This view is supported by Porter et al (2018) who found that place cells in rats' CA1 region are sensitive to rather small changes in terrain slope, from horizontal to 15° or from 15° to 25° (see also Davis et al 2018). However, in flying bats the hippocampal representation of three-dimensional space appears to be isotropic (Yartsev and Ulanovsky 2013), corresponding to a 'volumetric map' in the terminology of Jeffery et al (2013).…”

Section: Comparison With 3-d Navigation In Other Animalsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Although a detailed comparison with results on mammals is beyond the scope of this review, some findings deserve to be mentioned (for reviews see Etienne and Jeffery 2004;Jeffery et al 2013;Davis et al 2018). Hayman et al (2011) compared recordings from place cells and grid cells of rats that walked on a helix-like staircase or climbed a vertical wall with corresponding recordings obtained in flat arenas.…”

Section: Comparison With 3-d Navigation In Other Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Path integration in a three-dimensional world: the case of desert ants

Ronacher

2020

J Comp Physiol A

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Desert ants use path integration to return from foraging excursions on a shortcut way to their nests. Intriguingly, when walking over hills, the ants incorporate the ground distance, the paths' projection to the horizontal plane, into their path integrator. This review discusses how Cataglyphis may solve this computational feat. To infer ground distance, ants must incorporate the inclination of path segments into the assessment of distance. Hair fields between various joints have been eliminated as likely sensors for slope measurement, without affecting slope detection; nor do postural adaptations or changes in gait provide the relevant information. Changes in the sky's polarization pattern due to different head inclinations on slopes were ruled out as cues. Thus, the mechanisms by which ants may measure slopes still await clarification. Remarkably, the precision of slope measurement is roughly constant up to a 45° inclination, but breaks down at 60°. An encounter of sloped path segments during a foraging trip induces a general acceptance of slopes, however, slopes are not associated with specific values of the home vector. All current evidence suggests that Cataglyphis does not compute a vector in 3-D: path integration seems to operate exclusively in the horizontal plane.

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Section: Comparison With 3-d Navigation In Other Animalsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Comparison With 3-d Navigation In Other Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Path integration in a three-dimensional world: the case of desert ants

Ronacher

2020

J Comp Physiol A

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“…Jovalekic et al ( 2011 ) suggested that rats might exhibit a horizontal bias because this matches the orientation of their sensory and locomotor organs, however we found that rats continued to exhibit a horizontal bias even in the tilted lattice maze where the rats could not physically orient themselves horizontally very easily. Their second explanation is more likely that rats spontaneously reduce their movements in the dimension that is most costly to traverse in order to minimise energy expenditure (Jovalekic et al 2011 ; Davis et al 2018 ; Porter et al 2019 ). Another explanation is that because the rat’s internal representation of space is less accurate in the vertical dimension (Hayman et al 2011 ; Grieves et al 2020 ), they avoid movements along this axis to minimise disorientation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, many animals move through three-dimensional space by flying or swimming; others explore the space above or below them through digging, standing, climbing or simply moving across sloped terrain (Jeffery et al 2013 ; Finkelstein et al 2016 ; Davis et al 2018 ). At first glance, moving in three dimensions does not seem that much more complicated than in two but it offers tantalising advantages: an animal that can forage vertically will have access to greater resources, safety, line of sight and escape routes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exception to this are animals that can move in all dimensions with equal effort, such as fish (Holbrook and Burt de Perera 2013 ) and hummingbirds (Hurly et al 2010 ). These animals are equally or more accurate at remembering locations in the vertical dimension (Jeffery et al 2013 ; Davis et al 2018 ), suggesting that how animals experience and perceive their surroundings shapes their memory and representation of these environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Volumetric spatial behaviour in rats reveals the anisotropic organisation of navigation

et al. 2020

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We investigated how access to the vertical dimension influences the natural exploratory and foraging behaviour of rats. Using high-accuracy three-dimensional tracking of position in two- and three-dimensional environments, we sought to determine (i) how rats navigated through the environments with respect to gravity, (ii) where rats chose to form their home bases in volumetric space, and (iii) how they navigated to and from these home bases. To evaluate how horizontal biases may affect these behaviours, we compared a 3D maze where animals preferred to move horizontally to a different 3D configuration where all axes were equally energetically costly to traverse. Additionally, we compared home base formation in two-dimensional arenas with and without walls to the three-dimensional climbing mazes. We report that many behaviours exhibited by rats in horizontal spaces naturally extend to fully volumetric ones, such as home base formation and foraging excursions. We also provide further evidence for the strong differentiation of the horizontal and vertical axes: rats showed a horizontal movement bias, they formed home bases mainly in the bottom layers of both mazes and they generally solved the vertical component of return trajectories before and faster than the horizontal component. We explain the bias towards horizontal movements in terms of energy conservation, while the locations of home bases are explained from an information gathering view as a method for correcting self-localisation.

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