The influence of initial pressure and temperature on hydrogen-air-diluent detonations

Stamps, Douglas W.; Tieszen, Sheldon R.

doi:10.1016/0010-2180(91)90082-m

Cited by 79 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Shepherd (1986) demonstrated that the ratio of the experimental cell size over the calculated reaction zone size is a function of the mixture composition, and in general takes on a value between 5 and 50. Recently, Stamps (1991) applied the ZND calculations to determine the effect of high initial temperature on hydrogen-air-steam mixtures. The calculations indicated that for offstoichiometric hydrogen-air mixtures increasing the initial temperature initially reduced the reaction zone length reaching a minimum and then increased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detonation cell size measurements in high-temperature hydrogen-air-steam mixtures at the BNL high-temperature combustion facility

Ciccarelli¹,

Ginsberg²,

Boccio³

1997

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The High-Temperature Combustion Facility (HTCF) was designed and constructed with the objective of studying detonation phenomena in mixtures of hydrogen-air-steam at initially high temperatures. The central element of the HTCF is a 27-cm inner-diameter, 21.3-m long cylindrical test vessel capable of being heating to 700K f 14K. A unique feature of the HTCF is the "diaphragmless" acetylene-oxygen gas driver which is used to initiate the detonation in the test gas.Cell size measurements have shown that for any hydrogen-air-steam mixture, increasing the initial mixture temperature, in the range of 300K to 650K, while maintaining the initial pressure of 0.1 MPa, decreases the cell size and thus makes the mixture more detonable. The effect of steam dilution on cell size was tested in stoichiometric and off-stoichiometric (e.g., equivalence ratio of 0.5) hydrogen-air mixtures. Increasing the steam dilution in hydrogen-air mixtures at 0.1 MPa initial pressure increases the cell size, irrespective of initial temperature. It is also observed that the desensitizing effect of steam diminished with increased initial temperature. A 1-dimensional, steady-state Zel'dovich, von Neumann, Doring (ZND) model, with full chemical kinetics, has been used to predict cell sue for hydrogen-air-steam mixtures at different initial conditions. Qualitatively the model predicts the overall trends observed in the measured cell size versus mixture composition and initial temperature and pressure. It was found that the proportionality constant used to predict detonation cell size from the calculated ZND model reaction zone varies between 10 and 100 depending on the mixture composition and initial temperature.iii NUREG/CR-639 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThe High-Temperature Hydrogen Combustion Research Program, jointly funded by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and the Japanese Nuclear Power Engineering Corporation (NUPEC) which is sponsored by the Ministry of International Trade and Industries (MITI), is a 5-year program at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL)with the objective of studying detonation phenomena in mixtures of hydrogen-air and steam under prototypical severeaccident conditions. The principal experimental facility used in research program is the High-Temperature Combustion Facility (HTCF). A smaller facility, Le., the Small-scale Development Apparatus (SSDA), was constructed to support the design of the larger HTCF and to obtain preliminary experimental data. Experiments in the SSDA are complete and the results are reported in NUREG/CR-6213. Both the SSDA and the HTCF were designed to study detonations in gaseous mixtures of hydrogen-air and steam at temperatures up to 700K. The actual maximum initial gas temperature employed in this program has been 650K.The central element of the HTCF is a 27-cm inner-diameter and 2 1.3-m long cylindrical test vessel designed for a maximum allowable working pressure of 10.0 MPa at 700K. The test vessel is heated by electric heating blankets which are fastened to the test vessel. T...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detonation cell size measurements in high-temperature hydrogen-air-steam mixtures at the BNL high-temperature combustion facility

Ciccarelli¹,

Ginsberg²,

Boccio³

1997

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“…[7][8][9] The cell widths (¼ 2W max ) are derived from duplication of W max . According to the agreement between numerical and experimental cell properties, it is reasonable to consider that the cell properties in W max represent the mixture characteristics in each case.…”

Section: Comparison Of Cellular Structures and Transverse Waves In Mamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cellular structures of gaseous detonations have been investigated experimentally with smoke foil records. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Shock configurations of detonation, distribution of energy release, and maximum pressure contours have been investigated by numerical simulations. [12][13][14][15][16][17] A main feature of gaseous detonation is the Ó 2005 The Japan Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences complex interaction of incident shocks, Mach stems, and transverse waves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[6][7][8][9] For an explosive mixture, the cell width is a function of initial temperature, initial pressure, equivalence ratio, and inert diluent. These results indicate that both an acoustic mechanism and a characteristic chemical length are the major controlling factors in determining cell widths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a function of initial pressure, the cell width for hydrogen-oxygen mixtures shows a straightline relationship in marked contrast to the curve for stoichiometric hydrogen-air mixtures. 8,9) The nonlinear behavior of hydrogen-air has been explained 8,9) by the differences in reaction rates between various competing chemical reactions that make up the overall reaction scheme at the lower temperatures, associated with reducing initial pressure. In a hydrogen-oxygen system, a distinctive cellular pattern has been seen to become extremely regular if the mixture contains over 40% of monatomic gas as a diluent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Investigation on Acoustic Coupling of Transverse Waves in Two-Dimensional H2-O2-Diluent Detonations

Inaba

Matsuo

Tanaka

2005

Trans. Japan Soc. Aero. S Sci.

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Two-dimensional computations of stoichiometric hydrogen-oxygen detonations diluted with nitrogen/argon were performed using a detailed chemical reaction mechanism at initial pressures 0.101 and 0.013 MPa. With increasing channel widths, the relation between the channel widths normalized by half-reaction lengths and the transverse wave strengths defined by pressure ratio across a reflected shock are examined. Various mixture conditions are compared for the maximum channel width where a single transverse wave appears, because numerical cell widths and aspect ratios of the cell are in comparative agreement with previous experimental data. In a mixture diluted with nitrogen at 0.101 MPa, the strong transverse detonation with a transverse wave strength of 1.5 overdrives the transverse wave at 1.3 times faster velocities than the speed of sound in detonation products and makes the maximum channel width larger than those of other conditions. In the presence of strong transverse detonation, acoustic coupling between the transverse wave and the acoustic wave does not apply. The empirical irregularity of the cell with the mixture diluted by nitrogen is interpreted as flexibility of the cell width due to the strong transverse detonation and instability due to out-of-phase acoustic coupling.

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Pulse Detonation Cycle at Kilohertz Frequency

Matsuoka¹,

Taki²,

Kasahara³

et al. 2017

Shock Wave and High Pressure Phenomena

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The influence of initial pressure and temperature on hydrogen-air-diluent detonations

Cited by 79 publications

References 12 publications

Detonation cell size measurements in high-temperature hydrogen-air-steam mixtures at the BNL high-temperature combustion facility

Detonation cell size measurements in high-temperature hydrogen-air-steam mixtures at the BNL high-temperature combustion facility

Numerical Investigation on Acoustic Coupling of Transverse Waves in Two-Dimensional H2-O2-Diluent Detonations

Pulse Detonation Cycle at Kilohertz Frequency

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