The influence of human activity and morphological characteristics of beaches on plastic debris distribution along the Caspian Sea as a closed water body

Ghaffari, Sanaz; Bakhtiari, Alireza Riyahi; Ghasempouri, Seyed Mahmoud; Nasrolahi, Ali

doi:10.1007/s11356-019-05790-y

Cited by 34 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Driedger et al (2015) [91] identified surface current patterns as a mechanism for the distribution of MaP in lakes, but they pointed out that there has been no systematic research of this process yet. Ghaffari et al (2019) [92] identified urbanisation and population, and to a lesser part slope and substrate, as the driving factors for MaP distribution in the Caspian Sea. The density of the plastic items has a big influence on the vertical distribution of MaP in lakes [91].…”

Section: Transport In Aquatic Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Way of Macroplastic through the Environment

et al. 2020

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With the focus on microplastic in current research, macroplastic is often not further considered. Thus, this review paper is the first to analyse the entry paths, accumulation zones, and sinks of macroplastic in the aquatic, terrestrial, and atmospheric environment by presenting transport paths and concentrations in the environment as well as related risks. This is done by applying the Source–Pathway–Receptor model on macroplastic in the environment. Based on this model, the life cycle of macroplastic is structurally described, and knowledge gaps are identified. Hence, current research aspects on macroplastic as well as a sound delimitation between macro- and microplastic that can be applied to future research are indicated. The results can be used as basic information for further research and show a qualitative assessment of the impact of macroplastic that ends up in the environment and accumulates there. Furthermore, the applied model allows for the first time a quantitative and structured approach to macroplastic in the environment.

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Section: Transport In Aquatic Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Way of Macroplastic through the Environment

et al. 2020

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“…contrarily, in areas with limited access, higher proportion of products with higher buoyancy (e.g. pellets, foam and bottles) can be found [22], [23]. similar to other easily accessed coastal areas in europe [24], cigarette butts and plastic packages were found most often both at russalka and Kakumäe beaches.…”

Section: Degradation Of Supmentioning

confidence: 72%

Occurrence and Degradation of Single-Use Plastic in Coastal Area

Torn¹,

Möller-Raid²,

Martin³

2022

Int. J. EI

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Occurrence and degradatiOn Of single-use plastic in cOastal areaKaire tOrn, tiia möller-raid & geOrg martin estonian marine institute, university of tartu, estonia. abstract increasing trend of littering of coastal areas and marine environment is recognized globally. in the european union, 80-85% of marine litter is plastic, among which single-use plastic (sup) products represent 50%. the study confirmed that the primary source of sup items on urban beaches of tallinn, estonia, is direct littering by beach visitors. the level of littering is highly dependent on the intensity of beach use. in total, 1492 macrolitter items per 100 m of beach length were registered at urban beach russalka, while remarkably lower values were registered at semi-urban beach Kakumäe. the most frequently found sup items at urban beach were cigarette butts, followed by various packages and sweet wrappers. to assess how quickly the fragmentation of selected sup products takes place in the natural environment, field experiments were carried out. the degradation of disposable paper plates, biodegradable plates and biodegradable waste bags was studied in two terrestrial (open-air vs. buried in soil) and two marine (submerged in seawater above sediment vs. buried in sediment) treatments. the experiment showed that the degradation of biodegradable sup items is limited in natural environment and varied depending on the character of the material of the product and the environment it was exposed to. the studied biodegradable plates had the fastest degradation rate (4 months) and the loss of material was the highest during the first months. in open-air conditions, the degradation process was the slowest. for the biodegradable plastic bags, noticeable decomposition took place only in the seawater above sediment; in other environments, the degradation was slower. therefore, to decrease the impact of plastic, instead of using biodegradable material, the guidance of consumers toward reducing, reusing and recycling of plastic should be promoted.

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“…This difference in composition probably re ects the type of activity practiced on the beach. (Ghaffari et al 2019). In this comparison, it is important to take into account the beach typology studied.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fishing litter dominates the litter along the beaches of Palk Bay, Southeastern of India

Priyanka

Mghili

Perumal

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Fishing activity is a major source of marine litter on beaches, but most studies focus on recreational beaches. In this study, we assessed the abundance, composition, source and spatial distribution of marine litter on ten fishing beaches along Palk Bay, on the southeast coast of India. We also used social media to collect data on the impact of fishing litter on marine animals in the study area. A total of 4,227 marine litter and their average density of 0.70 items/m2 were collected. Plastic (84.54%) is the most abundant in the study area, followed by cloths (7.46%), glass (5.19%), and rubber (3.47%). From the result, the value of CCI ranges from 6.26 to 25.7 indicating that the coast is "moderately clean" to "extremely dirty". The majority of the marine litter collected originated from fishing activity. The most common are string and cord, fishing lines, fishing gear, floats and buoys. The presence of this type of marine litter can produce serious environmental issues, such as ghost fishing, that impacts a large variety of marine species. A total of 25 of the olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) were entangled in fishing litter between 2018 and 2020. Most of the reported entanglements were due to discarded or lost fishing gear, which shows the importance of managing this type of litter in India. It is important to manage the litter related to the fishing activity by educating fishermen and organizing clean-up campaigns.

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The influence of human activity and morphological characteristics of beaches on plastic debris distribution along the Caspian Sea as a closed water body

Cited by 34 publications

References 58 publications

The Way of Macroplastic through the Environment

The Way of Macroplastic through the Environment

Occurrence and Degradation of Single-Use Plastic in Coastal Area

Fishing litter dominates the litter along the beaches of Palk Bay, Southeastern of India

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