The Incidence of Aphasia and Global Aphasia in Left Brain-Damaged Patients

Scarpa, Marina; Colombo, A; Sorgato, P.; Renzi, Ennio De

doi:10.1016/s0010-9452(87)80044-8

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…35,36 Female gender was not an independent risk factor for aphasia resulting from FEIS. This finding is in line to the majority of aphasia studies 13,20,37 but is in contrast to 2 stroke databank studies. 17,38 Neither gender nor age had an influence on severity or fluency of aphasia, which is in line with the majority of aphasia studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Epidemiology of Aphasia Attributable to First Ischemic Stroke

Engelter

Gostynski

Papa

et al. 2006

Stroke

555

205

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Background and Purpose-In a geographically defined population, we assessed incidence and determinants of aphasia attributable to first-ever ischemic stroke (FEIS). MethodsA 1-year prospective, population-based study among the permanent residents of the canton Basle City, Switzerland, was performed using multiple overlapping sources of information. Results-Among 188 015 inhabitants, 269 patients had FEIS, of whom 80 (30%; 95% CI, 24 to 36) had aphasia. The overall incidence rate of aphasia attributable to FEIS amounted to 43 per 100 000 inhabitants (95% CI, 33 to 52). Aphasic stroke patients were older than nonaphasic patients. The risk of aphasia attributable to FEIS increased by 4% (95% CI, 1% to 7%), and after controlling for atrial fibrillation, by 3% (95% CI, 1% to 7%) with each year of patients' age. Gender had no effect on incidence, severity, or fluency of aphasia. Cardioembolism was more frequent in aphasic stroke patients than in nonaphasic ones (odds ratio [OR], 1.85; 95% CI, 1.07 to 3.20). Aphasic patients sought medical help earlier than nonaphasic stroke patients. Still, after controlling for stroke onset-assessment interval, aphasic stroke patients were more likely to receive thrombolysis than nonaphasics (OR, 3.5; 95% CI, 1.12 to 10.96). Conclusion-Annually, 43 of 100 000 inhabitants had aphasia resulting from first ischemic stroke. Advancing age and cardioembolism were associated with an increased risk for aphasia. Severity and fluency of aphasia were not affected by demographic variables.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Epidemiology of Aphasia Attributable to First Ischemic Stroke

Engelter

Gostynski

Papa

et al. 2006

Stroke

555

205

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“…In the present study, a difference between sexes for aphasia score (in the opposite direction: more women having aphasia) just reached significance in the univariate analysis, but this difference disappeared in the multiple regression analysis. A number of previous studies found no relation between sex and aphasia (1,21,25, 261, but did not control for covariates. A case-based stroke data bank study [27} had a result similar to ours; it found univariately a higher rate of aphasia in women, a difference that disappeared when analyses included covariates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Aphasia in acute stroke: Incidence, determinants, and recovery

Pedersen

Jørgensen

Nakayama

et al. 1995

Annals of Neurology

711

449

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Knowledge of the frequency and remission of aphasia is essential for the rehabilitation of stroke patients and provides insight into the brain organization of language. We studied prospectively and consecutively an unselected and community-based sample of 881 patients with acute stroke. Assessment of aphasia was done at admission, weekly during the hospital stay, and at a 6-month follow-up using the aphasia score of the Scandinavian Stroke Scale. Thirty-eight percent had aphasia at the time of admission; at discharge 18% had aphasia. Sex was not a determinant of aphasia in stroke, and no sex difference in the anterior-posterior distribution of lesions was found. The remission curve was steep: Stationary language function in 95% was reached within 2 weeks in those with initial mild aphasia, within 6 weeks in those with moderate, and within 10 weeks in those with severe aphasia. A valid prognosis of aphasia could be made within 1 to 4 weeks after the stroke depending on the initial severity of aphasia. Initial severity of aphasia was the only clinically relevant predictor of aphasia outcome. Sex, handedness, and side of stroke lesion were not independent outcome predictors, and the influence of age was minimal.

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“…The MPT results in a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and in a decrease of ATP production. It is now known that the MPT is not a consequence of nonspecific mitochondrial membrane damage, but instead the result of the opening of membrane channels, the so called permeability transition pores (PTP) [33,34], which are inhibited by the immunosuppressant cyclosporin A (CsA) [35].…”

Section: Moderate Mitochondrial Camentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Drug-induced Mitochondrial Toxicity: A Biosensor to Increase Drug Safety?

Pereira¹,

Moreira²,

Pereira³

et al. 2009

CDS

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Mitochondria are recognized as the producers of the majority of energy cells need for their normal activity. After the initial comprehension of how mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation produces energy, mitochondrial research was not a priority for most cell biologists until novel mitochondrial functions were identified. In fact, it is now known that mitochondria are not only involved in cell calcium homeostasis, intermediate metabolism and free radical generation but are also a crucial crossroad for several cell death pathways. The notion that several clinically used drugs and other xenobiotics induce organ degeneration through damaging mitochondrial bioenergetics led to the use of the organelle as an effective and reliable bio-sensor to predict drug safety. Classic methods used to test the toxicity of a wide range of compounds on isolated mitochondrial fractions were later replaced by novel high-throughput methods to investigate the safety of a very large number of new molecules. Without surprise, the assessment of "mitochondrial safety" for new discovered molecules is of clear interest for pharmaceutical companies which can now select compounds lacking mitochondrial toxicity to undergo further trials, thus avoiding the possibility of later human toxicity due to mitochondrial liabilities.

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The Incidence of Aphasia and Global Aphasia in Left Brain-Damaged Patients

Cited by 27 publications

References 11 publications

Epidemiology of Aphasia Attributable to First Ischemic Stroke

Epidemiology of Aphasia Attributable to First Ischemic Stroke

Aphasia in acute stroke: Incidence, determinants, and recovery

Investigating Drug-induced Mitochondrial Toxicity: A Biosensor to Increase Drug Safety?

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