The implications for the biological and sociodynamic causal explanations of attitudes toward alcohol-dependent patients

Heberlein, Annemarie; Schuster, Rilana; Ziert, Yvonne; Opfermann, Birgitt; Bleich, Stefan; Hillemacher, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2013.12.040

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Drinking to cope with stress with a genetic predisposition saw significantly less pity and less helping than drinking for social facilitation with a genetic predisposition. Control over the onset of drinking was lower with the presence of a genetic predisposition for AUD compared to no genetic predisposition, which is consistent with the current literature (Haslam & Kvaale, 2015;Heberlein et al, 2014). However, for other aspects of control (i.e., personal choice and control over continued drinking), this effect was absent.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…These results suggest that information about genetic predispositions could reduce perceptions of control and stigma toward AUD, similar to other mental illnesses (Corrigan et al, 2003;Heberlein et al, 2014;Lebowitz & Appelbaum, 2017;Sattler et al, 2017). This has implications for clinicians and patients as education about genetic predispositions for AUD could be helpful in reducing blame and stigma.…”

Section: Genmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…This has implications for clinicians and patients as education about genetic predispositions for AUD could be helpful in reducing blame and stigma. Framing AUD as a genetically influenced disease or mental health disorder may be useful in continuing to decrease stigma toward AUD and to decrease desired social distance (Heberlein et al, 2014). Additionally, genetic explanations for AUD may be especially important in evoking pity and helping behaviors for social drinking.…”

Section: Genmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few recent experimental studies have specifically addressed the impact of genetic explanations on stigma surrounding AUD, with results generally demonstrating the positive effects of biogenetic explanations on alleviating blame (Heberlein et al, 2014; Lebowitz & Appelbaum, 2017; Sattler et al, 2017). However, studies have been less consistent in supporting the “negative” side of biogenetic explanations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stigma toward alcohol use disorder: How biogenetic explanations and drinking contexts impact attributions and attitudes.

Strzelecki

Waldron

2021

Stigma and Health

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Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is highly stigmatized, often because it is perceived as a highly controllable condition. A variety of factors can influence how stigma is ascribed to individuals with AUD, including biogenetic etiology and different drinking contexts. The present study aimed to better understand how factors surrounding AUD interact to impact stigma. Participants (N = 449) recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk read one of eight vignettes that described a character with AUD who was (a) either drinking to cope with stress or drinking socially, (b) either a college student or a nonstudent young adult, and (c) either had or did not have a genetic predisposition to AUD. Participants rated the perceived controllability of the alcohol problem as well as blame, pity, desired social distance, and likelihood of helping. Participants who were told the vignette target had a genetic predisposition reported lower perceptions of control of drinking onset, lower blame, and reduced desire for social distance. Moreover, they reported less of a perception that social drinking is a personal choice and more controllable. While social drinking and drinking to cope were blamed similarly, when a genetic predisposition was present, an individual who drank for social facilitation received higher levels of pity and intention to help than an individual who drank to cope. Both drinking context and genetic predisposition matter when it comes to the stigmatization of AUD. Genetic predispositions may be particularly impactful in affecting stigma in the context of social drinking.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Genmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Genmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stigma toward alcohol use disorder: How biogenetic explanations and drinking contexts impact attributions and attitudes.

Strzelecki

Waldron

2021

Stigma and Health

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“…Alcohol dependence symptoms are associated with modifications of neurotrophic growth factors and proinflammatory cytokines (Heberlein et al 2014a). Alcohol consumption, in parallel, increases serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and TNF-α and the expression of NGF and BDNF (Heberlein et al 2014b;Heberlein et al 2013;Kiefer et al 2002), while a significant decrease is observed during withdrawal.…”

Section: Ethanol Neurotrophins and Epigeneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How alcohol drinking affects our genes: an epigenetic point of view

Ciafrè

Carito

Ferraguti

et al. 2019

Biochem. Cell Biol.

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This work highlights recent studies in epigenetic mechanisms that play a role in alcoholism, which is a complex multifactorial disorder. There is a large body of evidence showing that alcohol can modify gene expression through epigenetic processes, namely DNA methylation and nucleosomal remodeling via histone modifications. In that regard, chronic exposure to ethanol modifies DNA and histone methylation, histone acetylation, and microRNA expression. The alcohol-mediated chromatin remodeling in the brain promotes the transition from use to abuse and addiction. Unravelling the multiplex pattern of molecular modifications induced by ethanol could support the development of new therapies for alcoholism and drug addiction targeting epigenetic processes.

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Stigmatisierung Alkoholabhängiger: Einstellungen von Betroffenen während einer stationären Entzugsbehandlung, medizinischen Personals und Studierender

Schuster

Gavas

Schneider

et al. 2017

SUCHT

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Zusammenfassung. Ziel der Studie: Untersucht wurden die Einstellungen gegenüber Menschen mit Alkoholabhängigkeit und die Akzeptanz neurobiologischer sowie sozialer Krankheitsursachen. Methodik: Mit einem 75-Item Fragebogen wurden die Ansichten von 254 Teilnehmern erfragt und die Einstellungen gegenüber alkoholabhängigen Patienten von Betroffenen und gesunden Menschen verglichen. Die betroffenen alkoholabhängigen Patienten (n = 122) wurden während einer stationären qualifizierten Entzugsbehandlung befragt, nachdem der körperliche Entzug vorüber war. In den Vergleichsgruppen wurden medizinisches Personal (n = 70) sowie Studierende (n = 62) ohne medizinisches Hintergrundwissen befragt. Ergebnisse: Zwischen den Betroffenen und dem medizinischen Personal fanden wir keine Unterschiede bezüglich der Zuschreibung neurobiologischer Faktoren als Ursachen der Alkoholabhängigkeit. Studierende hielten neurobiologische Faktoren für weniger ursächlich für Alkoholabhängigkeit als Betroffenen und als medizinisches Personal. Bezüglich der sozialen Faktoren als Ursachen der Alkoholabhängigkeit ergaben sich keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen den drei Gruppen. Die Betroffenen bewerteten die Charaktereigenschaften alkoholabhängiger Patienten insgesamt positiver als das medizinische Personal und die Studierenden.Schlussfolgerung: Betroffene berichten positivere Einstellungen gegenüber Menschen die an einer Alkoholabhängigkeit leiden, als medizinisches Personal und als Studierende.

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The implications for the biological and sociodynamic causal explanations of attitudes toward alcohol-dependent patients

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Stigma toward alcohol use disorder: How biogenetic explanations and drinking contexts impact attributions and attitudes.

Stigma toward alcohol use disorder: How biogenetic explanations and drinking contexts impact attributions and attitudes.

How alcohol drinking affects our genes: an epigenetic point of view

Stigmatisierung Alkoholabhängiger: Einstellungen von Betroffenen während einer stationären Entzugsbehandlung, medizinischen Personals und Studierender

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