The impact of the decomposition process of shallow graves on soil mite abundance

Abstract

Burial of a cadaver results in a slower decomposition rate, due to more stable belowground temperatures and restricted access to necrophagous insects. In such circumstances, analysis of the soil mesofauna, with emphasis on mites (Acari) may be more valuable in time-of-death estimations. The production of volatile organic compounds of cadaveric decay results in changes, especially in the soil pH, which in turn would affect the abundance and diversity of the associated mites. In general, the effects of decomposition and the consequently altered pH levels on the abundance of mites in shallow graves, as well as the effects of fluctuating above-ground environmental parameters (temperature, relative humidity, and precipitation) remain unknown.Here, we found that the decay of three pig cadavers buried in shallow graves (<30 cm below) caused a significant increase in the soil pH throughout decomposition, from neutral to alkaline. Cadaver decay attracted an abundance of mites: with 300 mites collected from the three pig cadavers compared to 129 from the control soil samples at the same depth. Mites rapidly became more abundant in cadaver-associated soils than in control soils after the fresh stage. Increasing soil pH had a positive impact on the abundance of mites in graves and there was a significant interaction between cadaver body temperature and soil pH. Above-ground fluctuations in temperature, relative humidity, and precipitation were found to have no significant direct effect on mite abundance in grave or control soils.

Postmortem chondrocyte viability in porcine articular cartilage: Influence of time, temperature, and burial under winter conditions

“…It has been found that corpses buried in shallow graves (<30 cm) decompose faster than those buried at greater depths. This discrepancy results from the thinner layer of soil, which offers less protection from environmental factors and temperature fluctuations [8,28,29]. To investigate the effects of burial on chondrocyte viability, 50 cm deep graves were used in this study.…”

The arthropods of corpses from above ground and from deep below

“…1-A) (Rai et al, 2021). Despite being buried superficially, the occurrence and abundance of mite species are mainly dictated by the composition and chemistry of the soil and by the surrounding soil pH (Rai et al, 2022). Any arthropod species will inform about their part in the decomposition process; providing reliable evidence of what has happened to the victim just before and during death, about where death occurred, and, if there was a relocation of the corpse, explaining with their life cycles why and how a person died, linking environments, locations and people (Perotti & Braig, 2020).…”