2020
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17196961
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Abstract: The declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in drastic changes to life worldwide. In Spain, the state of alarm caused the confinement of 47 million inhabitants, affecting every aspect of life. This study analyzes the impact of such confinement on the health of men and women, as well as the effect on the practice of physical activity (PA) of both genders. An ad hoc questionnaire was administered. A total of 1046 people (48.57% men and 51.43% women) with an average age of 40 years (SD ± 13.35) particip… Show more

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Cited by 46 publications
(38 citation statements)
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“…This fact may also explain why in our study the youngest females whose stress levels were high, reported also less self-care behaviors than older groups. This result is similar to other studies during the confinement, indicating a direct relationship between physical activity, gender, and mental health outcomes [ 26 , 31 ]. Similar to stress and gender discussion, these results might be likely embedded in gendered role behavior as women adopt more caregiving behaviors and use a wider range of self-care activities than men [ 32 ].…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 92%
“…This fact may also explain why in our study the youngest females whose stress levels were high, reported also less self-care behaviors than older groups. This result is similar to other studies during the confinement, indicating a direct relationship between physical activity, gender, and mental health outcomes [ 26 , 31 ]. Similar to stress and gender discussion, these results might be likely embedded in gendered role behavior as women adopt more caregiving behaviors and use a wider range of self-care activities than men [ 32 ].…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 92%
“…This fact may also explain why in our study the youngest females whose stress levels were high, reported also less self-care behaviours than older groups. This result is similar to other studies during the confinement, indicating a direct relationship between physical activity, gender and mental health outcomes [23,32]. Similar to stress and gender discussion, these results might be likely embedded in gendered role behavior as women adopt more caregiving behaviors and use a wider range of self-care activities than men [33].…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 90%
“…Surveys on non-institutionalized adults have uniformly shown declines in physical activity and increases in sedentary time after confinement (11,19,20,6365), with unhealthier changes observed among those with higher activity and lower sedentariness at baseline (19,63,65), and among those who had follow-up symptoms of loneliness and worse mental health (12,19,63,65). In our study, we corroborated the association between previous levels of activity and sedentariness and changes in these behaviors with confinement, probably reflecting the regression to the mean phenomenon.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A few studies have investigated the health consequences of the lockdown during the first wave of the pandemic in the Spanish adult population. Using convenience sample surveys conducted between March and June 2020, in which participants reported their perceived changes in lifestyle and health-related factors since the start of the pandemic, these studies have shown a general worsening in psychological and mental health (8)(9)(10), as well as in sleep quality (11)(12)(13), mild or no changes in tobacco and alcohol consumption (11,14), slight or no changes in weight (14)(15)(16), conflicting results for diet quality (17,18), important reductions in physical activity and increases in sedentary time (11,(19)(20)(21).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%