The impact of the co‐exposure of melanoma cells to chlorogenic acid and a moderate‐strength static magnetic field

Abstract

One of the most malignant skin cancers is melanoma-it has a high metastatic potential as well as a high resistance to treatment, which results in a high mortality rate. The basic method for treating early-stage melanomas is surgery alone. If surgery is not possible or as an adjuvant therapy, radiotherapy is used; chemotherapy is rarely used because of its low response rate (Perera et al., 2014). One promising therapeutic strategy is targeted therapy that involves blocking the BRAF kinase (about 50% of patients have a BRAF mutation), which results in a disruption of the MAPK signaling pathway and slows down the proliferation of cancer cells (Zaman et al., 2019). In addition, research is being conducted into the use of antimelanoma vaccines (Vasquez et al., 2017). Nonetheless, the low level of the effectiveness of these treatments, especially in the 3rd and 4th stages of its clinical advancement, has led to a search for new

The Apoptotic Effect of Caffeic or Chlorogenic Acid on the C32 Cells That Have Simultaneously Been Exposed to a Static Magnetic Field

“…It should also be taken into account that the oxidative stress that is generated by reactive oxygen species is closely associated with the induction of apoptosis. Previous studies have shown that these phenolic acids can disrupt redox homeostasis in the C32 cells, which can then trigger apoptosis [ 25 , 26 ]. Hence, high concentrations of polyphenols might exhibit pro-oxidative properties that could be used in the adjunctive treatment of cancer [ 13 ].…”

“…The CGA and CA stock solutions were prepared in phosphate buffered saline (PBS, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) and then diluted in the culture medium. The concentration of both acids was selected based on previous cytotoxicity studies, which had shown that a concentration of 1 mmol/L only reduced the viability of the C32 cells and had no significant effect on the viability of normal human dermal fibroblasts [ 25 , 26 ]. Moreover, the biological effects of a moderate-strength SMF do not exhibit cytotoxic properties as was indicated in previous reports [ 41 ].…”

“…Total RNA was extracted from the cells intended for molecular analysis using a TRIzol reagent (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The quality and the quantity of the RNA extracts were determined electrophoretically and spectrophotometrically as was previously reported [ 25 ].…”

Chemotherapy and Physical Therapeutics Modulate Antigens on Cancer Cells

“…On the other hand, AMF and static MF have not been analyzed in anticancer therapy yet. Only a few papers show the potential of magnetic field in the induction of cell death ( 231 , 232 ).…”

Prospects and application of ultrasound and magnetic fields in the fermentation of rare edible fungi

“…The biological effects of weak magnetic treatments are mainly due to the affects the treatment has on the medium properties, physicochemical properties of cell membranes, structure of biological macromolecules, and free radicals. Magnetic fields can produce positive biological effects by influencing several aspects of media parameters, cell morphology structure, enzyme activity [118] , [119] and gene expression [130] , [131] , [132] , [133] .…”