The impact of social engagement on health-related quality of life and depressive symptoms in old age - evidence from a multicenter prospective cohort study in Germany

Hajek, André; Brettschneider, Christian; Mallon, Tina; Ernst, Andrej; Mamone, Silke; Wiese, Birgitt; Weyerer, Siegfried; Werle, Jochen; Pentzek, Michael; Fuchs, Ângela; Stein, Janine; Luck, Tobias; Bickel, Horst; Weeg, Dagmar; Wagner, Michael; Heser, Kathrin; Maier, Wolfgang; Scherer, Martin; Riedel‐Heller, Steffi G.; König, Hans‐Helmut

doi:10.1186/s12955-017-0715-8

Cited by 60 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…24 (iii) According to the stress hypothesis, health-promoting behaviors can avoid social isolation and can increase social engagement, social integration, or social relationships, which can reduce stress, increase relaxation, or enhance self-esteem (as well as other healthrelated factors). [26][27][28] For example, increased stress is associated with decreases in cognitive functioning. 29 Another explanation was proposed by Cacioppo et al 30 They assumed that social isolation reduces sleep quality and activates neurobiological mechanisms that can stimulate the hypothalamic pituitary adrenocortical axis.…”

Section: Previous Research and Possible Explanationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived social isolation and cognitive functioning. Longitudinal findings based on the German Ageing Survey

Hajek

Riedel‐Heller

König

2019

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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Objectives: There is a lack of longitudinal studies, which are both based on nationally representative samples and use standardized instruments to quantify social isolation.Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the link between perceived social isolation and cognitive functioning longitudinally.Methods/Design: Longitudinal data with n = 6420 from 2014 (wave 5) to 2017 (wave 6) were drawn from the German Ageing Survey (nationally representative sample of individuals aged 40 years and over). Perceived social isolation was assessed using a scale by Bude and Lantermann. Cognitive functioning was quantified using the established digit symbol test. To reduce the problem of unobserved heterogeneity, linear fixed effects regressions were used.Results: Regressions showed that increases in perceived social isolation were associated with decreases in cognitive functioning. With regard to covariates, decreases in cognitive functioning were associated with increases in aging and worsening selfrated health, whereas changes in marital status, employment status, income, physical functioning, and physical illnesses were not associated with the outcome measure.Conclusions: Based on a nationally representative sample and exploiting the panel data structure, the study findings extend current knowledge by showing that increasing perceived social isolation contributes to decreases in cognitive functioning among individuals aged 40 years and over longitudinally. Future longitudinal studies based on panel data methods are required to validate the study findings. K E Y W O R D Scognition, cognitive functioning, social disconnectedness, social exclusion, social isolation | INTRODUCTIONIt is widely acknowledged that there is an ongoing change in the demographic structure of industrialized countries, meaning that the number of individuals in late life is increasing continuously. It is also widely understood that age is associated with decreases in cognitive functioning.Moreover, higher age is associated with increased social isolation. 1 Cognitive functioning 2 and social isolation 3 are both associated with subsequent morbidity and mortality, highlighting the importance of these factors.Social isolation is linked to decreased social activities or social engagement, which, in turn, can stimulate cognitive functioning. 4An association between social isolation and cognitive functioning has been demonstrated by recent cross-sectional 5 and longitudinal studies. 6,7 For example, it has been shown that social isolation is related to decreased cognitive function based on data from a Spanish nationally representative sample (n = 1691; individuals ≥50 years; two waves). Similar findings were made by Evans et al based on longitudinal data from the Cognitive Function and

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Section: Previous Research and Possible Explanationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived social isolation and cognitive functioning. Longitudinal findings based on the German Ageing Survey

Hajek

Riedel‐Heller

König

2019

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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“…In light of its prominence as a public health problem and the evidence of its worsening with age (1,4) , depression in uences the quality of life (QoL) of the population (8) . Its tremendous negative impact on various aspects of QoL has already been demonstrated by other authors (1,9) ; this impact worsens as the individual ages (10) . However, new knowledge about the different environments in which populations with depression are inserted raises questions on possible in uences that have not been analysed, especially in countries that are very different culturally and geographically (11) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Association Between Depressive Symptoms and Quality of Life in Elderly Adults in Primary Health Care: A Comparative Analysis Between Brazil and Portugal

Cavalcante¹,

Miranda²,

Toscano³

et al. 2020

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Background: Depression has a major impact on physical and emotional aspects. It is more prevalent among elderly adults than among those in other age groups and has a relevant influence on the quality of life (QoL) of the population. It is believed that the best scenario for its screening and prevention is primary health care. Our objective was to compare the levels of depressive symptoms and QoL of Brazilian and Portuguese elderly people assisted in primary health care. Method: This was a cross-sectional, comparative study and quantitative approach carried out in Brazil and Portugal between 2017 and 2018. The sample was recruited for convenience and without a sample test. We used the QoL instruments Medical Outcomes Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) and the Beck Inventory to measure depression levels. The data were analysed using the Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis test.Results: A total of 160 elderly people comprised the sample, including 110 Brazilians and 50 Portuguese individuals. The association between the levels of depression and QoL was manifested significantly in the group from Brazil among participants without depression, in the domains of physical role functioning (p-value > 0.001), emotional role functioning (p-value = 0.030) and total score (p-value < 0.001). In Portugal, those who did not experience depression in the following domains: functional aspects (p-value < 0.001), vitality (p-value = 0.002), social role functioning (p-value = 0.020), emotional aspects (p-value = 0.005), mental health (p-value = 0.046), physical dimensions (p-value = 0.025) and mental health (p-value = 0.005). Conclusion: Our study showed an association between the absence of depressive symptoms and better QoL scores in several domains and dimensions. When comparing Brazil and Portugal, better performances were noted in Portugal for both depression and QoL.

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“…A maior parte dos estudos empíricos realizados com idosos residentes na comunidade também reafirmam os benefícios da participação social na velhice e suas associações com menor risco de mortalidade, declínio cognitivo, depressão, sintomas de solidão, menor institucionalização e maior qualidade de vida (BHAT; SHAH; RIZVI, CURVERS et. al., 2017;GALENKAMP;DEEG, 2016;HAJEK et. al., 2017;HEATHER;GEORGIOU;WESTBROOK, 2016;LAI;BAI;GUO, 2017 ;LEE et al, 2017;SUGARHOOD;SUMMERFIELD, 2016 (2018,2017,2006) Frankl (1999Frankl ( , 1991Frankl ( , 1989 Protocolo (ANEXO C), construído a partir de Reuben et al 1990e Baltes et al, 1993 Em relação à realização de atividades, este inventário possibilita três opções de resposta, a saber: "ainda faz"; "nunca fez" e "deixou de fazer".…”

Section: Lista De Tabelasunclassified

“…al., 2017;GALENKAMP;DEEG, 2016;HAJEK et. al., 2017;HEATHER;GEORGIOU;WESTBROOK, 2016;LAI;BAI;GUO, 2017 ;LEE et al, 2017;SUGARHOOD;SUMMERFIELD, 2016 (2018,2017,2006) Frankl (1999Frankl ( , 1991Frankl ( , 1989 Protocolo (ANEXO C), construído a partir de Reuben et al 1990e Baltes et al, 1993 Em relação à realização de atividades, este inventário possibilita três opções de resposta, a saber: "ainda faz"; "nunca fez" e "deixou de fazer". As respostas de interesse são as que o idoso responde como "ainda faz", pois se referem às respostas de manutenção das atividades sociais.…”

Section: Lista De Tabelasunclassified

“…Este aumento de interesse também foi identificado por Bastos e Rosal(2017)e a partir desta necessidade da busca pelo sentido de vida, o autor propõe uma educação baseada neste caminho, pautado pela teoria de Frankl, em que quanto mais útil o ser humano se torna para outrem, doando seu tempo em atividades voluntárias, por exemplo, mais obtém êxito em preencher sua vida de sentido e da capacidade de se perceber com propósitos altruístas. JáRamos e Rocha(2018) identificaram que os estudiosos que se debruçam a analisar a sociedade vigente, a consideram sem sentido existencial devido ao imediatismo das sensações, fazendo com que as pessoas não encontrem um propósito maior em sua existência e, por sua vez, não se envolvendo no cotidiano que vivencia. Esses estudos, entretanto, não fazem distinções específicas a respeito das manifestações de propósito entre idosos ou relativas ao processo de envelhecimento.Viktor Frankl usava os termos PV e sentido de vida de forma intercambiável, mas seus sucessores procuraram distingui-los e investigá-los em outros campos da Psicologia e demais ciências Moran (2014).…”

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Participação social e propósito de vida na velhice: associações com variáveis sociodemográficas, de saúde e mobilidade

Santos¹

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The impact of social engagement on health-related quality of life and depressive symptoms in old age - evidence from a multicenter prospective cohort study in Germany

Cited by 60 publications

References 26 publications

Perceived social isolation and cognitive functioning. Longitudinal findings based on the German Ageing Survey

Perceived social isolation and cognitive functioning. Longitudinal findings based on the German Ageing Survey

Association Between Depressive Symptoms and Quality of Life in Elderly Adults in Primary Health Care: A Comparative Analysis Between Brazil and Portugal

Participação social e propósito de vida na velhice: associações com variáveis sociodemográficas, de saúde e mobilidade

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