The impact of grain-scale strain localization on strain hardening of a high-Mn steel: Real-time tracking of the transition from the γ → ε → α’ transformation to twinning

Filho, Isnaldi Rodrigues de Souza; Dutta, Aniruddha; Almeida, D.R.; Lu, Wenjun; Sandim, Maria José Ramos; Ponge, Dirk; Sandim, Hugo Ricardo Zschommler; Raabe, Dierk

doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2020.07.038

Cited by 41 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Mechanical testing during in situ synchrotron XRD. Tensile testing was also performed during in-situ synchrotron XRD measurements at the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), using the XTMS workstation 28 . We used a thermomechanical simulator Gleeble™ 3S50 coupled to a monochromatic synchrotron beam whose wavelength (λ) and energy are 0.103323 nm and 12 keV, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 shows the schematic representation of the setup geometry as well as the dimensions of the tensile specimens. Further details are outlined in 28 . Before testing, the setup was aligned, and the instrumental contribution was determined using standard Y 2 O 3 powders.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Debye-Scherrer cones were collected at a rate of 3 images per minute. Plots of intensity versus the diffraction angle 2θ were constructed by integrating the 2D diffraction data with the aid of the software DRACON (Diffracted X-Ray Analysis Console) 28 . The software Dracon (Diffracted X-Ray Analysis Console) was used to integrate the 2D diffraction data and convert them into plots of intensity versus the diffraction 2θ angle.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A sustainable ultra-high strength Fe18Mn3Ti maraging steel through controlled solute segregation and α-Mn nanoprecipitation

Silva

Filho

et al. 2022

Nat Commun

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The enormous magnitude of 2 billion tons of alloys produced per year demands a change in design philosophy to make materials environmentally, economically, and socially more sustainable. This disqualifies the use of critical elements that are rare or have questionable origin. Amongst the major alloy strengthening mechanisms, a high-dispersion of second-phase precipitates with sizes in the nanometre range is particularly effective for achieving ultra-high strength. Here, we propose an alternative segregation-based strategy for sustainable steels, free of critical elements, which are rendered ultrastrong by second-phase nano-precipitation. We increase the Mn-content in a supersaturated, metastable Fe-Mn solid solution to trigger compositional fluctuations and nano-segregation in the bulk. These fluctuations act as precursors for the nucleation of an unexpected α-Mn phase, which impedes dislocation motion, thus enabling precipitation strengthening. Our steel outperforms most common commercial alloys, yet it is free of critical elements, making it a new platform for sustainable alloy design.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A sustainable ultra-high strength Fe18Mn3Ti maraging steel through controlled solute segregation and α-Mn nanoprecipitation

Silva

Filho

et al. 2022

Nat Commun

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“…In situ high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD) has emerged as a powerful tool for providing real-time and quantitative information regarding the evolution of phase transformation, and the formation of crystallographic imperfections, [35] enabling the identification of the underlying mechanisms of DSA and martensitic transformation micromechanisms. Figure 1(b) schematically illustrates the SXRD test setups at the 11-ID-C high-energy beamline performed at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory (ANL).…”

Section: A Materials Treatment and Microstructural Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of Dynamic Strain Aging in an Intercritical Annealed Steel by Dislocation Multiplication Induced by Martensitic Transformation

Gong

Zeng

et al. 2021

Metall Mater Trans A

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To elucidate the dynamic strain aging (DSA) mechanism that causes serrated flow in the tensile curves of an intercritical annealed steel with retained austenite (RA) and intercritical ferrite, the multi-aspect microstructural characterization and micromechanical deformation behavior were systematically investigated in this study. Our results demonstrate that the DSA phenomenon is dependent on the strain rate, deformation temperature, and strain. This is accompanied by deformation-induced martensitic transformation (DIMT) and the generation of crystallographic defects in nucleating and propagating Portevin-Le Chatelier bands. An increase in the deformation temperature and strain rate leads to an increase in the stacking fault energy of RA. This inhibits the growth of martensitic embryos and retards the kinetics of martensitic transformation of RA, consequently decreasing or suppressing the DSA phenomenon. Furthermore, neither the long-range diffusion model of carbon atoms nor the short-range diffusion model on the reorientation of C-Mn complexes could reasonably explain the DSA phenomenon in this study. Based on the in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction results and established mathematical models stemming from the dislocation multiplication theory, the DSA could be attributed to the periodic instantaneous dislocation multiplication in constituent phases caused by burst DIMT.

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“…In this work, the texture formation and the dependence of the texture degree on the deformation state were analysed in all phases of a uniaxially compressed metastable austenitic TRIP steel using in situ synchrotron XRD measurements. This experimental technique becomes more and more popular, mainly because of its huge information content [66][67][68][69][70][71][72]. The integral information about the texture development and phase transformations obtained from the synchrotron measurements is complemented by the local orientation relationships obtained from electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) patterns of selected deformation states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition of mechanisms contributing to the texture formation in metastable austenitic steel under compressive load

Ullrich

Martin

Schimpf

et al. 2021

Materials Characterization

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The interplay of microstructural mechanisms controlling the deformation-induced martensitic phase transformations and the texture formation in all phases of a metastable austenitic Cr-Mn-Ni steel was investigated using in situ synchrotron radiation diffraction under uniaxial compression and ex situ electron backscatter diffraction. With increasing deformation, the originally fully austenitic steel transformed to a mixture of γ-austenite, ε-martensite and α´-martensite. The face centred cubic γ-austenite formed a fibre texture {110} with respect to the deformation direction. The texture degree increased progressively with increasing deformation.The hexagonal close packed ε-martensite was preferentially oriented with the reciprocal direction {1013} along the load axis. The texture degree was nearly independent of the deformation extent. The body centred α´-martensite formed a mixed texture {100} & {111} along the deformation direction. The texture component {100} was very strong in the early stages of the α´-martensite formation, but it deteriorated with increasing deformation. The texture evolution is explained by the competition between the transformation texture, several deformation-induced mechanisms, which are highly sensitive to the local orientation of the grains with respect to the acting force, like the stacking fault formation and martensitic transformation in austenite, and the variant selection in both martensites and the twinning of α´-martensite.

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The impact of grain-scale strain localization on strain hardening of a high-Mn steel: Real-time tracking of the transition from the γ → ε → α’ transformation to twinning

Cited by 41 publications

References 76 publications

A sustainable ultra-high strength Fe18Mn3Ti maraging steel through controlled solute segregation and α-Mn nanoprecipitation

A sustainable ultra-high strength Fe18Mn3Ti maraging steel through controlled solute segregation and α-Mn nanoprecipitation

Interpretation of Dynamic Strain Aging in an Intercritical Annealed Steel by Dislocation Multiplication Induced by Martensitic Transformation

Competition of mechanisms contributing to the texture formation in metastable austenitic steel under compressive load

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