The Impact of Exposure to the Thin-Ideal Media Image on Women

Hawkins, Nicole; Richards, P. Scott; Granley, H. Mac; Stein, David M.

doi:10.1080/10640260490267751

Cited by 211 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Today, we experience pervasive exposure to morphological ideals (for instance, in digital and print media). Exposure to attractive others can affect our mate-preferences and interests (Kenrick, Neuberg, Zierk, & Krones, 1994) as well as our own body satisfaction (Hawkins, Richards, Granley, & Stein, 2004). Moreover, media exposure has been found to influence attitudes and intentions surrounding cosmetic surgery (Delinsky, 2005;Henderson-King & Brooks, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmetic Surgery as Intrasexual Competition: The Mediating Role of Social Comparison

Arnocky¹,

Piché²

2014

PSYCH

104

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Cosmetic surgical procedures have previously been associated with some risks to psychological and physical health. Yet such procedures are on the rise, highlighting the need for a better understanding of the factors which might underlie the decision to undergo cosmetic surgery. In a sample of 297 young adults (192 women), we examined the relationship between intrasexual competition (IC), social comparison, and individuals' attitudes, perceived risks, and desired spending on cosmetic surgical procedures. Results showed that women perceived more risk to cosmetic surgery, yet held more positive attitudes and desire to spend on cosmetic surgery compared to men. For both men and women, IC predicted positive attitudes and desired spending on cosmetic surgery. Social comparison mediated all relationships between IC and cosmetic surgery variables. Cosmetic surgery is discussed as a potential form of intrasexual competition rooted in the mate-preferences of the opposite sex.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmetic Surgery as Intrasexual Competition: The Mediating Role of Social Comparison

Arnocky¹,

Piché²

2014

PSYCH

104

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“…media's representation of men and women is becoming increasingly more restrictive (Daniel & Bridges, 2010) and may be contributing to the escalation of body dissatisfaction (Tiggemann, 2011). Female models in the United States are generally 15% below the average female weight (Hawkins, Richards, Granley, & Stein, 2004) and Western (e.g., United States, New Zealand) media trends suggest that women must be thin but still have an athletic, toned, and tight body (Markula, 1995). Thus, it is perhaps not surprising that a meta-analysis of media influence found a relationship between exposure to media images depicting the thin-ideal body and body image concerns in women (country of each study was not specified; Grabe, Ward, & Hyde, 2008).…”

Section: Media Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Media Influence on Drive for Thinness and Drive for Muscularity

Pritchard

Cramblitt

2014

Sex Roles

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The present study investigated relationships between media influence (exposure, selfcomparison to media ideals and internalization of media messages, societal pressure to have the perfect body, using media as a source of information about how to achieve a certain body ideal) and drive for thinness and drive for muscularity in 311 male and female undergraduates at a university in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States. We hypothesized that drive for thinness and drive for muscularity in both women and men would relate to body comparison/ internalization, societal pressure, use of media for information, magazine consumption and television viewing. We also expected television and magazines would have different influences on men and women's drive for muscularity and drive for thinness. Finally, we hypothesized that societal pressure and using media as a source of information would mediate the relation between media exposure (number of magazines read, hours of television watched) and drive for thinness and drive for muscularity in women and men. Students completed surveys on-line. Results revealed using media as a source of information on how to attain the ideal body mediates the relationship between drive for thinness and media exposure in women. Overall, it seems that media and the internalization of general/ non-athletic body ideals may have an impact on drive for thinness in both men and women. Similarly, internalization of athletic body ideals may relate to drive for muscularity in both collegiate men and women in the U.S. Implications for counselors were discussed.

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“…Ethnocultural influences, the effect of media exposure and a changing social and cultural environment are contributing factors to the aetiology of eating disorders. 2,[6][7][8] The relationship between religion and eating disorders is also not to be underestimated, given its complexity. 9,10 The existence of eating disorders and abnormal eating attitudes in South Africa are well established in adolescents of culturally and ethnically diverse backgrounds, [11][12][13][14][15] although the prevalence thereof is currently unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormal eating attitudes and weight-loss behaviour of adolescent girls attending a “traditional” Jewish high school in Johannesburg, South Africa

Visser

Notelovitz

Szabo

et al. 2014

South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of abnormal eating attitudes and weight-loss behaviour in female Jewish adolescents. Teachers' awareness of these factors and their attitudes towards a school programme to address these were also investigated.Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted.Subjects and setting: Female learners in grades 8-11 (n = 220), attending a "traditional" Jewish high school in Johannesburg were included. Teachers (n = 38) at the relevant school were also recruited.Outcome measures: A questionnaire consisting of the 26-item version of the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and a modified section of the USA Youth Risk Behavior Survey was completed by learners. Teachers completed a questionnaire designed by the researchers.Results: Twenty per cent of the learners (n = 43) achieved EAT-26 scores ≥ 20, suggestive of a possible eating disorder, while 30.2% (n = 65) required clinical evaluation for a potential eating disorder. Thirty-three per cent (n = 72) of the adolescent girls considered themselves to be overweight, while 64% (n = 139) were trying to lose weight at the time of the study. 19.1% (n = 42) had engaged in one or more extreme methods of weight loss in the past 12 months. Most teachers (81.6%, n = 29) underestimated the proportion of adolescent girls requiring clinical evaluation and 71.1% (n = 27) underestimated the extent of current weight-loss attempts. Almost all of the teachers (97.3%, n = 37) recognised the need to address disordered eating attitudes. However, only 34.2% of the teachers (n = 13) viewed the school as the appropriate place in which to do this, and were also prepared to participate in the programme and sacrifice class time.Conclusion: To date, no published South African literature documents the presence of abnormal eating attitudes in Jewish adolescent females in South Africa. The prevalence fell within the upper end of rates reported in studies on adolescent girls in South Africa and abroad. Teachers who participated in this study were not fully aware of the extent to which eating-related issues affected female learners. A qualitative exploration thereof could yield valuable insights.Peer reviewed.

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The Impact of Exposure to the Thin-Ideal Media Image on Women

Cited by 211 publications

References 28 publications

Cosmetic Surgery as Intrasexual Competition: The Mediating Role of Social Comparison

Cosmetic Surgery as Intrasexual Competition: The Mediating Role of Social Comparison

Media Influence on Drive for Thinness and Drive for Muscularity

Abnormal eating attitudes and weight-loss behaviour of adolescent girls attending a “traditional” Jewish high school in Johannesburg, South Africa

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