The Impact of Exercise on Redox Equilibrium in Cardiovascular Diseases

Sutkowy, Paweł; Wróblewska, Joanna; Wróblewski, Marcin; Nuszkiewicz, Jarosław; Modrzejewska, Martyna; Woźniak, Alina

doi:10.3390/jcm11164833

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 116 publications

(142 reference statements)

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“…Studies confirm that suitable exercise maintains physiological levels of ROSs, which allows skeletal muscle to function properly and facilitates adaptation to exercise [46,47]. Among other things, regular PE induces adaptive changes in endogenous antioxidant mechanisms [17,37,48,49]. These changes can involve both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants.…”

Section: Exercise-induced Changes In the Redox Balancementioning

confidence: 79%

“…The literature in the field of sports genomics is mainly focused on genes that regulate muscle functions during physical exertion and genes of structural proteins in muscles, especially those responsible for contraction. Most of these genes are directly or indirectly related to oxidant processes, not antioxidant ones [5,9,[12][13][14][15][16][17]. Another issue is inconsistent conclusions regarding the impact of exercise on the redox balance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Likewise, eNOS, which is a source of nitric oxide (˙NO), is a kind of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) with a potent vasodilatory effect that produces peroxynitrite (ONOO − ) in contact with O2˙−. In turn, ONOOis an ROS with a greatly strong oxidizing and vasoconstricting effect [17]. Table 1 presents a list of loci for which there is reliable evidence of a beneficial effect on physical performance.…”

Section: Sports Genomics and The Redox Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Current State of Knowledge Regarding the Genetic Predisposition to Sports and Its Health Implications in the Context of the Redox Balance, Especially Antioxidant Capacity

Sutkowy,

Modrzejewska,

Porzych

et al. 2024

IJMS

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The significance of physical activity in sports is self-evident. However, its importance is becoming increasingly apparent in the context of public health. The constant desire to improve health and performance suggests looking at genetic predispositions. The knowledge of genes related to physical performance can be utilized initially in the training of athletes to assign them to the appropriate sport. In the field of medicine, this knowledge may be more effectively utilized in the prevention and treatment of cardiometabolic diseases. Physical exertion engages the entire organism, and at a basic physiological level, the organism’s responses are primarily related to oxidant and antioxidant reactions due to intensified cellular respiration. Therefore, the modifications involve the body adjusting to the stresses, especially oxidative stress. The consequence of regular exercise is primarily an increase in antioxidant capacity. Among the genes considered, those that promote oxidative processes dominate, as they are associated with energy production during exercise. What is missing, however, is a look at the other side of the coin, which, in this case, is antioxidant processes and the genes associated with them. It has been demonstrated that antioxidant genes associated with increased physical performance do not always result in increased antioxidant capacity. Nevertheless, it seems that maintaining the oxidant–antioxidant balance is the most important thing in this regard.

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Section: Exercise-induced Changes In the Redox Balancementioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sports Genomics and The Redox Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Current State of Knowledge Regarding the Genetic Predisposition to Sports and Its Health Implications in the Context of the Redox Balance, Especially Antioxidant Capacity

Sutkowy,

Modrzejewska,

Porzych

et al. 2024

IJMS

Self Cite

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“…An increase in XO activity is associated with an accelerated conversion of ATP into AMP and eventually into hypoxanthine. XO then catalyzes the conversion of hypoxanthine into xanthine and xanthine into uric acid [34,51].…”

Section: The Sources Of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species (Ros/rns...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Endogenous and Exogenous Antioxidants in Skeletal Muscle Fatigue Development during Exercise

2023

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Muscle fatigue is defined as a decrease in maximal force or power generated in response to contractile activity, and it is a risk factor for the development of musculoskeletal injuries. One of the many stressors imposed on skeletal muscle through exercise is the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), which intensifies as a function of exercise intensity and duration. Exposure to ROS/RNS can affect Na+/K+-ATPase activity, intramyofibrillar calcium turnover and sensitivity, and actin–myosin kinetics to reduce muscle force production. On the other hand, low ROS/RNS concentrations can likely upregulate an array of cellular adaptative responses related to mitochondrial biogenesis, glucose transport and muscle hypertrophy. Consequently, growing evidence suggests that exogenous antioxidant supplementation might hamper exercise-engendering upregulation in the signaling pathways of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), peroxisome-proliferator activated co-activator 1α (PGC-1α), or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Ultimately, both high (exercise-induced) and low (antioxidant intervention) ROS concentrations can trigger beneficial responses as long as they do not override the threshold range for redox balance. The mechanisms underlying the two faces of ROS/RNS in exercise, as well as the role of antioxidants in muscle fatigue, are presented in detail in this review.

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The Role of Selected Trace Elements in Oxidoreductive Homeostasis in Patients with Thyroid Diseases

Wróblewski

Wróblewska

Nuszkiewicz

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Impaired levels of selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and iodine (I) in the organism may adversely affect the thyroid endocrine system. These trace elements play a role in the fight against oxidative stress as components of enzymes. Oxidative–antioxidant imbalance is considered a possible factor in many pathological conditions, including various thyroid diseases. In the available literature, there are few scientific studies showing a direct correlation of the effect of supplementation of trace elements on slowing down or preventing the occurrence of thyroid diseases in combination with the improvement of the antioxidant profile, or through the action of these elements as antioxidants. Among the available studies, it has been shown that an increase in lipid peroxidation levels and a decrease in the overall antioxidant defense status occur during such thyroid diseases as thyroid cancer, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and dysthyroidism. In studies in which trace elements were supplemented, the following were observed: a decrease in the level of malondialdehyde after supplementation with Zn during hypothyroidism and reduction in the malondialdehyde level after Se supplementation with a simultaneous increase in the total activity status and activity of antioxidant defense enzymes in the course of autoimmune thyroiditis. This systematic review aimed to present the current state of knowledge about the relationship between trace elements and thyroid diseases in terms of oxidoreductive homeostasis.

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The Impact of Exercise on Redox Equilibrium in Cardiovascular Diseases

Cited by 3 publications

References 116 publications

The Current State of Knowledge Regarding the Genetic Predisposition to Sports and Its Health Implications in the Context of the Redox Balance, Especially Antioxidant Capacity

The Current State of Knowledge Regarding the Genetic Predisposition to Sports and Its Health Implications in the Context of the Redox Balance, Especially Antioxidant Capacity

Endogenous and Exogenous Antioxidants in Skeletal Muscle Fatigue Development during Exercise

The Role of Selected Trace Elements in Oxidoreductive Homeostasis in Patients with Thyroid Diseases

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