The Impact of Economic, Energy, and Environmental Factors on the Development of the Hydrogen Economy

Abstract

This article attempts to model interdependencies between socio-economic, energy, and environmental factors with selected data characterizing the development of the hydrogen economy. The study applies Spearman’s correlation and a linear regression model to estimate the influence of gross domestic product, population, final energy consumption, renewable energy, and CO2 emission on chosen hydrogen indicators—production, patents, energy technology research, development, and demonstration budgets. The study was conducted in nine countries selected for their actions towards a hydrogen economy based on analyses of national strategies, policies, research and development programs, and roadmaps. The results confirm the statistically significant impact of the chosen indicators, which are the drivers for the development of the hydrogen economy from 2008 to 2018. Moreover, the empirical results show that different characteristics in each country contribute to the development of the hydrogen economy vision.

Hydrogen economy in India: A status review

“…The concept behind it is to develop an economy that depends on hydrogen as the commercial fuel that will provide a large portion of a country's power and energy services (Ritter et al, 2003; Tseng et al, 2005; Winter, 2004). The achievement of this goal depends on generating sustainable hydrogen from domestic energy sources (Cader et al, 2021). The result of which will have lasting impact on prevailing global challenges, including (1) carbon emission, (2) ever‐depleting conventional energy resources, (3) meeting growing energy demand, and (4) reducing energy poverty (McDowall & Eames, 2007; Oliveira et al, 2021).…”