The impact of coenzyme Q₁₀ on metabolic and cardiovascular disease profiles in diabetic patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Abstract

Aims: Coenzyme Q 10 (CoQ10) is well known for its beneficial effects in cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, reported evidence has not been precisely synthesized to better inform on its impact in protecting against cardiovascular-related complications in diabetic patients. Materials and Methodology:The current meta-analysis included randomized controlled trials published in the past 5 years reporting on the effect of CoQ10 on metabolic and CVD-related risk profiles in individuals with diabetes or metabolic syndrome.We searched electronic databases such as MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Scopus and EMBASE for eligible studies. In addition to assessing the risk of bias and quality of evidence, the random and fixed-effect models were used to calculate the standardized mean difference and 95% confidence intervals for metabolic parameters and CVD outcomes. Results:Overall, 12 studies met the inclusion criteria, enrolling a total of 650 patients.Although CoQ10 supplementation did not statistically affect all metabolic profiles measured, it significantly reduced CVD-risk-related indexes such as total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in diabetic patients when compared to those on placebo [SMD = 0.13, 95% CI (0.03; 0.23), Chi 2 = 43.62 and I 2 = 29%, P = .07]. Conclusions: The overall results demonstrated that supplementation with CoQ10shows an enhanced potential to lower CVD risk in diabetic patients by reducing total cholesterol and LDL. Moreover, the beneficial effects of CoQ10 in lowering the CVD risk are associated with its ameliorative properties against oxidative stress and improving endothelial health.

Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation for the Reduction of Oxidative Stress: Clinical Implications in the Treatment of Chronic Diseases

“…Endothelial dysfunction, a condition that contributes to the pathogenesis of vascular disease in T2DM, is considered a reliable marker of subclinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, as it appears before the development of atherosclerotic lesions or the occurrence of clinical events. Endothelial dysfunction is also described as being involved in the deterioration of cardiac function, especially in conditions of metabolic disease [ 40 ]. Several studies have demonstrated the effect of CoQ 10 supplementation on endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, CAD or in elderly people [ 41 , 42 , 43 ], showing that flow-mediated dilation (FMD) or nitroglycerin-mediated dilation (NMD) and extracellular superoxide dismutase activity increased in most of the subjects treated with CoQ 10 , which could be attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity [ 36 , 43 , 44 ].…”

Ubiquinol Supplementation Improves Gender-Dependent Cerebral Vasoreactivity and Ameliorates Chronic Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment

“…Supplementation with 5 µM CoQ is an efficient way of protecting endothelial cells in vitro against damage caused by hyperglycemia and angiotensin II [10,12]. Indeed, CoQ supplementation has substantiated clinical benefits in the prevention and treatment of hypertension and T2DM [28,40,79,81,82], and recently it has been reported that the beneficial effects of CoQ in lowering the CVD risk are associated with improving endothelial health [83]. The in vitro results presented herein regarding the effects of plasma from patients receiving Ub oral supplementation for 1 year on endothelial are limited only to the analysis of cell necrosis, and they are consistent with these data.…”

The Use of Coenzyme Q10 in Cardiovascular Diseases

“…A very recent systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 randomized controlled trials enrolling a total of 650 patients examined the effect of CoQ10 on metabolic and CVD-related risk profiles in individuals with diabetes or metabolic syndrome. This study concluded that CoQ10 supplementation showed greater potential to lower CVD risk in diabetic patients by lowering total cholesterol and LDL levels when compared to those on placebo, which was associated with an improvement of endothelial health [ 41 ].…”