The Impact of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Renal Disease on Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19: An Observational Study from Two Public Hospitals in Brazil

Abstract

The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in China in early December 2019 and rapidly spread all over the world, causing a great number of deaths and hospitalizations and stressing the health care systems in many countries. [1][2][3] In the early days of the pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), age and comorbidities, such as cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, were identified as predictors of lethality and mobidity. 4,5 The cardiovascular impact of COVID-19 in patients has recently been confirmed in several large studies from different parts of the world. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Furthermore, patients with COVID-19 may