The Impact of Biogas Conversion Technology for Economic Development: A Case Study in Kilimanjaro Region

Mkiramweni, L. L. N.

doi:10.5402/2012/424105

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…It has been reported that up to 0.5 gigam 3 of biogas could be produced daily in Kilimanjaro region of Tanzania. This exceeds by far the 0.72 million m 3 required for cooking in the region while 3.0 MWh energy required for small economic activity in the region is about 0.15 of the total energy that can be generated from agro waste materials ( Mkiramweni, 2012 ). Also, Ahmmad and Haque (2014) has estimated the potentiality to generate electricity as 207.288, 873.034 and 2878.134 MW/day in 2020, 2025 and 2050 using municipal solid waste in Dhaka City of Bangladesh.…”

Section: Sustaining Covid-19 Era Lockdown Environment Through Renewable Energy Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Sustaining COVID-19 pandemic lockdown era air pollution impact through utilization of more renewable energy resources

Eyisi¹,

Esonye²,

Cyril³

2021

Heliyon

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The lock down engendered by COVID-19 pandemic has impacted positively on the environment through reduction of the emissions of green house gases, CO 2 , CO and other pollutants into the atmosphere below the pre-COVID-19 levels. There are fears that the gains made in the environment during COVID-19 may be frittered away as nations around the world make serious efforts to boost the COVID-19 recessed economy through massive investments in the sectors of the economy that are not environmentally friendly. This paper emphasizes on the essence of maintaining the COVID-19 pandemic era environmental impact levels in post COVID-19 era without retarding the efforts towards economic recovery. World health organization (WHO) data from six regions between April and August 2020 was evaluated. Emission levels during the COVID-19 lockdown were reviewed. The global renewable energy potentials were ascertained. The paper suggests that investment in renewable energy resources for various countries' energy needs will help sustain the green and clean environment created by the COVID-19 lockdown even after COVID-19 era lockdown. Also, building large scale and distributed energy storage infrastructure and application of artificial intelligence would ensure security of energy supply and handle unstable nature of solar and wind energy. The COVID-19 lockdown significantly reduced air pollution. The application of biofuels to generate energy and power was found to significantly reduce air pollutant emissions similar to COVID-19 lockdown.

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Section: Sustaining Covid-19 Era Lockdown Environment Through Renewable Energy Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Sustaining COVID-19 pandemic lockdown era air pollution impact through utilization of more renewable energy resources

Eyisi¹,

Esonye²,

Cyril³

2021

Heliyon

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“…Energy challenges in Tanzania affect seriously the performance of the country's social and economic sector (Felix and Gheewala, 2011). Poor income, poor health, and education indicators can greatly be improved with adaptation of clean and modern energy (Mkiramweni, 2012). It is estimated that 80% of Tanzanians depend on biomass as a source of energy by burning firewood and charcoal.…”

Section: Social Economic Benefitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is estimated that 80% of Tanzanians depend on biomass as a source of energy by burning firewood and charcoal. Application of algae as a source of biofuel will potentially reduce the burden on the forest resources as well as consequences of air pollution which can lead to complications of breathing, chronic respiratory diseases and stinging eyes due to indoor air pollution that comes from burning charcoal and firewood inside homes (Mkiramweni, 2012). Nutrients from wastewater through utilization of microalgae for animal feed will improve individual's incomes since algal products will supplement the conventional source of food which is always expensive.…”

Section: Social Economic Benefitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Use of High Rate Algae Ponds for Resource Recovery in the Water-Food-Energy Nexus for Tanzania: A Review

Kayombo

Mayo

Kimwaga

et al. 2019

TJET

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The use of High Rate Algal Ponds (HRAPs) for the treatment of wastewater and resource recovery has raised interest in recent years. Treatment of wastewater through this technology has proved to have high efficiency in reducing the level of pollution, nutrients, dissolved solids as well as pathogens. HRAPs are more efficient than conventional Wastewater Stabilization Ponds (WSPs) due to their design approach that provides room for high rate bio-chemical processes, which increase the mechanisms of nutrients and pathogens removal as well as the rate of micro-algae production for purposes of resource recovery. This paper reviews the upgrading potential of existing WSPs to HRAPs for resource recovery from products of wastewater for biofuel production, as a plant nutrient or for irrigation purposes and animal feeding. Several results have reported HRAPs to have efficiency in reducing bacterial contamination in excess of 99% while the removal of organic matter of up to 84% for Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and 88% for Biochemical Oxygen Demand under normal conditions have been reported. The removal for nitrogen was indicated to vary from 50 t0 98% while that of phosphorus varies from 32 to 99% depending on the culture conditions. It was further noted that, the potential for resource recovery from HRAPs is high in terms of energy and nutrients recovered through algae biomass, particularly for biofuel and animal feed production. Whereas among the dominant algal species of the HRAP Chlorella vulgaris revealed to have suitability in both treatment of wastewater and achieved a higher effluent quality and having nutrients contents essential for lipid extraction for biofuel and as a protein source for animal feeding which is largely attributed by their ability to grow very rapidly and to tolerate varieties of cultural conditions. To date, limited research attention has been given to studying the re-use potential of wastewater for irrigation purposes in Africa.

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“…About 23% of the people in the country use electricity for lighting this cannot facilitate improved student performance. Specifically, the sources of energy being used by the majority of Tanzanians are either very ineffective and/or inefficient for realizing the socioeconomic development [15]. It would also reduce environmental pollution such as air pollution caused by burning of fossil fuels and improve public health, reduce premature mortality due to pollution and save associated health costs that amount to several 100 billion dollars annually only in the United States [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Contour plot graph of optimizationThis result in maximum conditions was at mixing ratio of 0.65 and retention time of 37 days. The final equation was defined a repeat of equation(15):Let Cumulative biogas yield in Liters = Y L, Mixing ratio = X 1 , HRT = X 2…”

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confidence: 99%

Biogas Yielding Potential of Maize Chaff Inoculated with Cow Rumen and Its Characterization

Iweka

Owuama

2020

JENRR

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Human Life on earth is driven by energy and with the global challenge on best ways to manage waste, there is need to convert organic waste to bioenergy which will help reduce the rate of environmental pollution and over dependence on conventional source of energy. In this investigation maize chaff were inoculated with cow rumen using different concentration ratios (S/I) of 1:1, 1: 1.55, 1:3.5 for 25, 31 and 37 days Retention Time (RT) as design by Central Composite Face Centered Design to optimize the process and predict the best response. The result obtained shows that the mixture ratio of 0.65 (1:1.55) for 31 days gave the optimum yield while 0.65 mixing ratio for 37 days gave the maximum yield at 0.42L under mesophilic (20°C to 45°C) condition. The Flash point of the cummulative maximum yield was -164°C which is really flammable. The model F-value is 95.03, p-values is < 0.0001 which is less than 0.05 and both values indicate model terms are significant. Lack of Fit F-value of 0.43 implies the fitting effect is good. Its R2 value of 0.9855 is very close to 1 which is good. In addition, the biogas products were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy and Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The FTIR analyzes showed the presence of Alcohol and was further proven by 69% methane gotten as indicated by the GC-MS. Thus, the result shows high methane yield, flammability and suitability for maize chaff inoculated with cow rumen for energy production.

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The Impact of Biogas Conversion Technology for Economic Development: A Case Study in Kilimanjaro Region

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Sustaining COVID-19 pandemic lockdown era air pollution impact through utilization of more renewable energy resources

Sustaining COVID-19 pandemic lockdown era air pollution impact through utilization of more renewable energy resources

Potential Use of High Rate Algae Ponds for Resource Recovery in the Water-Food-Energy Nexus for Tanzania: A Review

Biogas Yielding Potential of Maize Chaff Inoculated with Cow Rumen and Its Characterization

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