The immunomodulatory effects of RNA-based biomaterials on bone regeneration

RNA Coating Promotes Peri-Implant Osseointegration

“…39 Moreover, gradually increasing attention has focused on the application of the polyanion characteristics of RNA molecules in the field of mineralization. 16,17 Previous studies have used DNA as a coating material to promote osteogenesis. In this study, RNA was chosen not because of its ability to transmit genetic information but because of several other properties, including its nonimmunogenicity or low immunogenicity (compared with other biological antigens such as proteins and sugars), its ability to bind other compounds, and its high phosphate content.…”

“…Cunha et al reported that the polyanionic collagen matrix increased bone growth in bone defects in ovariectomized rats . Moreover, gradually increasing attention has focused on the application of the polyanion characteristics of RNA molecules in the field of mineralization. , …”

“…Before the animal experiments, for the THR group, equal volumes of RNA solution and HA solution (100 μL each) were mixed and titanium rods were immersed in the combined solution for 30 min, with excess liquid removed. According to the literature, , the final concentration of RNA was set at 200 μg/mL. The TH group followed the same procedure as the THR group but with equal volumes of RNase-free water and HA solution (100 μL each).…”

“…Encouraged by these discoveries, certain researchers have recognized the prospective utility of RNA molecules’ polyanionic effects in the realms of mineralization and osteogenesis. Several researchers have shown that RNA-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate nanomachines formed by RNA molecules and supersaturated calcium phosphate solution can achieve encouraging results in collagen mineralization and bone regeneration. , In these studies, researchers employed RNA along with Ca 2+ to create RNA-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate, thus fostering mineralization or osteogenesis. However, it is worth noting that blood itself contains a significant amount of Ca 2+ (2.25–2.75 mM), and we hypothesized that RNA, as a polyanion, could directly attract Ca 2+ in the blood to promote osteogenesis.…”