The Immunogenicity of a Single Dose of Hepatitis A Virus Vaccines (Havrix® and Epaxal®) in Korean Young Adults

Lim, Joong Yeon; Song, Yeong-Jun; Park, Woong‐Sub; Sohn, Hae-Sook; Lee, Moo‐Sik; Shin, Dong‐Hoon; Kim, Chun-Bae; Kim, Hwa‐Sung; Oh, Gyung-Jae; Ki, Moran

doi:10.3349/ymj.2014.55.1.126

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…When anti-HAV titers were measured four weeks post-vaccination, both weight (p=0.019) and BMI (p=0.016) were significant predictors of non-protective (anti-HAV titers < 10 mIU/mL) seroresponse, with the odds of being a responder increasing as weight and BMI decreased. However, another study showed no difference in anti-HAV titers between healthy and obese individuals, suggesting obesity may not significantly affect seroconversion after hepatitis A vaccine in some populations [45]. To our knowledge, these are the only data suggesting a poor HAV vaccine-induced immune response in obese individuals.…”

Section: Hepatitis B Virus (Hbv)mentioning

confidence: 96%

The weight of obesity on the human immune response to vaccination

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Ovsyannikova

Poland

2015

Vaccine

165

130

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Despite the high success of protection against several infectious diseases through effective vaccines, some sub-populations have been observed to respond poorly to vaccines, putting them at increased risk for vaccine-preventable diseases. In particular, the limited data concerning the effect of obesity on vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy suggests that obesity is a factor that increases the likelihood of a poor vaccine-induced immune response. Obesity occurs through the deposition of excess lipids into adipose tissue through the production of adipocytes, and is defined as a body-mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2. The immune system is adversely affected by obesity, and these “immune consequences” raise concern for the lack of vaccine-induced immunity in the obese patient requiring discussion of how this sub-population might be better protected.

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Section: Hepatitis B Virus (Hbv)mentioning

confidence: 96%

The weight of obesity on the human immune response to vaccination

Painter

Ovsyannikova

Poland

2015

Vaccine

165

130

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“…Alcohol consumption. Alcohol intake has been found not to influence antibody responses to HepA (405) or HepB (68,69,81,402,406) vaccination but might influence responses to pneumococcus vaccination (142). After vaccination with PPV23, alcoholics have lower SCRs to serotypes 3, 4, 7F, 8, and 19F (however, this is significant only for serotypes 3 and 19F) (142) (Table 13).…”

Section: Behavioral Factorsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Factors That Influence the Immune Response to Vaccination

2019

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SUMMARYThere is substantial variation between individuals in the immune response to vaccination. In this review, we provide an overview of the plethora of studies that have investigated factors that influence humoral and cellular vaccine responses in humans. These include intrinsic host factors (such as age, sex, genetics, and comorbidities), perinatal factors (such as gestational age, birth weight, feeding method, and maternal factors), and extrinsic factors (such as preexisting immunity, microbiota, infections, and antibiotics). Further, environmental factors (such as geographic location, season, family size, and toxins), behavioral factors (such as smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise, and sleep), and nutritional factors (such as body mass index, micronutrients, and enteropathy) also influence how individuals respond to vaccines. Moreover, vaccine factors (such as vaccine type, product, adjuvant, and dose) and administration factors (schedule, site, route, time of vaccination, and coadministered vaccines and other drugs) are also important. An understanding of all these factors and their impacts in the design of vaccine studies and decisions on vaccination schedules offers ways to improve vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy.

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“…Similar to our previous study [ 2 ], the current study was executed in the following eight medical schools located throughout the country: Eulji University, Kwandong University, Inje University, Konyang University, Keimyung University, Yonsei Wonju University, Soonchunhyang University, and Wonkwang University. Participants were enrolled and vaccinated from November 4, 2010 to April 7, 2011, and they were followed up from November 16, 2012 to December 14, 2012.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous study, we found that immunogenicity differed according to the vaccine type only among men (81.9% vs. 69.2% in the Havrix and Epaxal groups, respectively), whereas the immunogenicity of both vaccines was similarly high among women (90.1% vs. 92.9% in the Havrix and Epaxal groups, respectively) [ 2 ]. This gender-vaccine type interaction has a clinical significance because if Epaxal consistently shows lower immunogenicity particularly in men, Havrix rather than Epaxal should be administered to men.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seropositivity among Korean Young Adults Approximately 2 Years after a Single-Dose Vaccination against Hepatitis A Virus

et al. 2015

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We previously observed 80.7% seropositivity and a significant interaction between gender and hepatitis A virus (HAV) vaccine type (Havrix vs. Epaxal) on the seropositivity approximately 11 months after single-dose HAV vaccinations in Korean young adults. Our objective was to evaluate seropositivity approximately 2 years after a single-dose HAV vaccination and the influence of demographic characteristics on seropositivity, including the interaction between gender and vaccine type. Seronegative medical school students were randomly vaccinated with Havrix or Epaxal. Based on a total serum anti-HAV antibody titer cutoff of 20 IU/mL, 338 participants (76.0%) of the 445 vaccinees were seropositive 20–25 months after a single-dose HAV vaccination. The seropositive rates were similar after vaccination with Havrix (77.0%) and Epaxal (74.9%). Univariate analysis indicated that female (p = 0.052) and less obese (p < 0.001) participants had a higher seropositive rate, whereas other characteristics such as age, alcohol use, smoking history, vaccine type, and follow-up duration were not associated with seropositivity. Multivariate analysis indicated that women (p = 0.026) and participants with moderate alcohol use (p < 0.001) showed significantly higher seropositive rates than men and participants with no or low alcohol use, respectively. The seropositive rates after vaccination with Havrix and Epaxal were 70.9% and 67.5% in men and 87.7% and 91.3% in women, respectively (p for interaction = 0.304). Compared with the seropositive rate approximately 11 months after vaccination, the seropositive rate decreased substantially only in men in the Havrix group (11.0% points), and consequently, the interaction between gender and vaccine type disappeared while seropositivity remained high (87.7% and 91.3% in Havrix and Epaxal groups, respectively) among women approximately 2 years after vaccination. Further studies are needed to assess whether the seropositive rate would be maintained in all groups more than 2 years after a single-dose HAV vaccination.

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The Immunogenicity of a Single Dose of Hepatitis A Virus Vaccines (Havrix® and Epaxal®) in Korean Young Adults

Cited by 29 publications

References 13 publications

The weight of obesity on the human immune response to vaccination

The weight of obesity on the human immune response to vaccination

Factors That Influence the Immune Response to Vaccination

Seropositivity among Korean Young Adults Approximately 2 Years after a Single-Dose Vaccination against Hepatitis A Virus

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