The immune responses in CD40-deficient mice: Impaired immunoglobulin class switching and germinal center formation

Severe osteopetrosis, defective interleukin‐1 signalling and lymph node organogenesis in TRAF6‐deficient mice

“…Although CD40-deficient mice do not exhibit the reduction of immature B cells in bone marrow (Kawabe et al 1994), possible defect in CD40 signalling in TRAF6 ¹/¹ mice could be involved in this apoptosis in combination with defect in unknown receptor that also requires TRAF6 for signalling. Alternatively, the observed defect in B cell development could be due to the impaired bone marrow environment as a consequence of osteopetrosis as in the case of c-fos ¹/¹ mice (Okada et al 1994) and op/op mice (Wiktor-Jedrzejckaz et al 1982).…”

Suppression of autoimmune arthritis in interleukin‐1‐deficient mice in which T cell activation is impaired due to low levels of CD40 ligand and OX40 expression on T cells

“…It is known that interaction between CD40L and CD40 plays a crucial role in T cell priming, and either CD40 deficiency or CD40L deficiency abrogates efficient IgG antibody production against T-dependent antigens (29)(30)(31). It is also known that OX40 ligation with OX40L activates naive T cells to produce Th2 cytokines and differentiate into Th2 cells (32,33) and promotes B cell production of antibodies to T-dependent antigens (34).…”

Induction of antitumor immunity by transduction of CD40 ligand gene and interferon-γ gene into lung cancer

“…CD40 -deficient mice were generated by a gene -targeting technique previously reported. 8 A CD40 + / À mouse was produced by backcrossing the originally described CD40 À / À mouse to a C57BL /6 mouse. The heterozygous littermates were intercrossed to generate the CD40 À / À mice used in this study.…”

“…These mice were genotyped by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR ) of genomic DNA obtained from a tail biopsy using primers to identify the rearranged CD40 locus, as described previously. 8 All these mice were maintained at the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research of the Nagoya University School of Medicine.…”

“…It binds a CD40 ligand (CD40L /CD154 ), which is a member of the TNF superfamily expressed on activated T cells, basophils, and mast cells. 7 Although the CD40 ± CD40L interaction is primarily implicated in the establishment of humoral immunity, 8 recent reports demonstrated that the CD40 ±CD40L interaction also plays a critical role in the induction of antitumor immunity, 9 especially for the priming of tumor-specific T cells. 10 We previously reported that alveolar macrophages were activated by stimulation through CD40 ± CD40L interaction and developed tumoricidal activity against lung cancer cells, and that interferon ( IFN )-induced a high expression of CD40 molecule on the surface of alveolar macrophages.…”