The Imbibition and Flow of a Wetting Liquid along the Corners of a Square Capillary Tube

Dong, Mingzhe; Chatzis, Ioannis

doi:10.1006/jcis.1995.1253

Cited by 261 publications

(237 citation statements)

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“…The invading fluid bypasses the pore bodies as a result of capillary suction in the corners where the posts meet the top and bottom surfaces of the flow cell. This phenomenon is known as corner flow, and has been studied extensively in the context of spontaneous imbibition into angular capillaries (32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37). For the wetting fluid to invade the corners, the contact angle must satisfy the geometric relation θ < ðπ − αÞ=2, where α is the corner angle (32).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wettability control on multiphase flow in patterned microfluidics

Zhao

MacMinn

Juanes

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

474

480

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Multiphase flow in porous media is important in many natural and industrial processes, including geologic CO 2 sequestration, enhanced oil recovery, and water infiltration into soil. Although it is well known that the wetting properties of porous media can vary drastically depending on the type of media and pore fluids, the effect of wettability on multiphase flow continues to challenge our microscopic and macroscopic descriptions. Here, we study the impact of wettability on viscously unfavorable fluid-fluid displacement in disordered media by means of high-resolution imaging in microfluidic flow cells patterned with vertical posts. By systematically varying the wettability of the flow cell over a wide range of contact angles, we find that increasing the substrate's affinity to the invading fluid results in more efficient displacement of the defending fluid up to a critical wetting transition, beyond which the trend is reversed. We identify the pore-scale mechanisms-cooperative pore filling (increasing displacement efficiency) and corner flow (decreasing displacement efficiency)-responsible for this macroscale behavior, and show that they rely on the inherent 3D nature of interfacial flows, even in quasi-2D media. Our results demonstrate the powerful control of wettability on multiphase flow in porous media, and show that the markedly different invasion protocols that emerge-from pore filling to postbridging-are determined by physical mechanisms that are missing from current pore-scale and continuum-scale descriptions.porous media | capillarity | wettability | microfluidics | pattern formation M ultiphase flow in porous media is important in many natural and industrial processes, including geologic CO 2 sequestration (1), enhanced oil recovery (2), water infiltration into soil (3), and transport in polymer electrolyte fuel cells (4). Much of the research on multiphase flow in porous media has focused on the effect of fluid properties and flow conditions. Much less emphasis has been given to the fluids' affinity to the porous media (i.e., wettability), even though wettability has a profound influence on fluid-fluid interactions in the presence of a solid surface (5-7). Despite recent advances in our ability to accurately measure wettability under reservoir conditions (8, 9), and to engineer wettability in the subsurface (10-13), the complex physics of wetting continues to challenge our microscopic and macroscopic descriptions (14).Fluid-fluid displacement in the presence of a solid surface can be characterized as either drainage or imbibition, depending on the system's wettability. Drainage refers to the regime where the invading fluid is less wetting to the solid surface than the defending fluid. Imbibition refers to the opposite case, where the invading fluid is more wetting to the solid surface than the defending fluid. Drainage in porous media has been studied extensively through laboratory experiments and computer simulations (15-18), and we now have a fairly good understanding of the different displacement ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wettability control on multiphase flow in patterned microfluidics

Zhao

MacMinn

Juanes

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

474

480

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“…(2) for other explanations. Firstly, as mentioned by Dong and Chatzis [17], the filling rate is dependent on the roundness of the corners of capillaries with rectangular cross-section. For the filling of water, ethanol, isopropanol, and 40% ethanol the same set of channels (50 nm deep) was used, and therefore the influence due to the roundness of the corners was the same for all the liquids.…”

Section: Filling Kinetics Of Isopropanol Ethanol and 40% Ethanol Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The position of the meniscus relates with time as l ∼ t 1/2 which is universal for conduits with arbitrary shape, including capillaries with rectangular cross-section [17]. The parameter D, which is independent of time and the meniscus Fig.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Filling kinetics of liquids in nanochannels as narrow as 27 nm by capillary force

Han

Mondin

Hegelbach

et al. 2006

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

107

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We report the filling kinetics of different liquids in nanofabricated capillaries with rectangular cross-section by capillary force. Three sets of channels with different geometry were employed for the experiments. The smallest dimension of the channel cross-section was respectively 27, 50, and 73 nm. Ethanol, isopropanol, water and binary mixtures of ethanol and water spontaneously filled nanochannels with inner walls exposing silanol groups. For all the liquids the position of the moving liquid meniscus was observed to be proportional to the square root of time, which is in accordance with the classical Washburn kinetics. The velocity of the meniscus decreased both with the dimension of the channel and the ratio between the surface tension and the viscosity. In the case of water, air-bubbles were spontaneously trapped as channels were filled. For a binary mixture of 40% ethanol and water, no trapping of air was observed anymore. The filling rate was higher than expected, which also corresponds to the dynamic contact angle for the mixture being lower than that of pure ethanol. Nanochannels and porous materials share many physicochemical properties, e.g., the comparable pores size and extremely high surface to volume ratio. These similarities suggest that our nanochannels could be used as an idealized model to study mass transport mechanisms in systems where surface phenomena dominate.

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“…Morrow (1984, 1991) derived an expression for the displacement curvature of the main terminal meniscus in a regular n-sided tube with any contact angle, and later reported the general solutions for completely wetted triangular tubes of different shapes. Dong and Chatzis (1995) took the wetting area as variable to investigate the flow in square capillary tube, and obtained the nonlinear solution by using the finite element method (FEM) to solve the heat conduction equations. But the solution was only limited in the right angle and cannot be used in complex geometry for the limitation of curvature calculation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Capillary Driven Flow in an Interior Corner of Rounded Wall Under Microgravity

Liu

et al. 2015

Microgravity Sci. Technol.

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The capillary driven flow in cylindrical interior corners satisfying the Concus-Finn condition was investigated under microgravity. The governing equation of capillary driven flow in cylindrical interior corners was established, and the approximate analytical solution was obtained. The relationship between liquid's front position and time was derived, which was then compared with the results of drop tower experiments and numerical simulation using the FLOW-3D software. The influence of different parameters on the interior corner flow was studied. The results showed that the meniscus height decreased as contact angle increased, and increased as the radius of rounded wall increased. The influence of decreasing the contact angle on a rounded wall was greater than that on a straight wall. Our findings can be referred to designing tanks or choosing the suitable solution in the space fluid management.

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The Imbibition and Flow of a Wetting Liquid along the Corners of a Square Capillary Tube

Cited by 261 publications

References 0 publications

Wettability control on multiphase flow in patterned microfluidics

Wettability control on multiphase flow in patterned microfluidics

Filling kinetics of liquids in nanochannels as narrow as 27 nm by capillary force

Study of Capillary Driven Flow in an Interior Corner of Rounded Wall Under Microgravity

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