The history and market impact of CRISPR RNA-guided nucleases

Erp, Paul B. G. van; Bloomer, Gary; Wilkinson, Royce A.; Wiedenheft, Blake

doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2015.03.011

Cited by 34 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The programmable nature of CRISPR-associated nucleases (e.g. Cas9) has given rise to a powerful new method for genome engineering, and a comprehensive understanding of how these nucleases function is necessary for safe implementation [4–7]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conformational regulation of CRISPR-associated nucleases

Jackson

Erp

Sternberg

et al. 2017

Current Opinion in Microbiology

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Adaptive immune systems in bacteria and archaea rely on small CRISPR-derived RNAs (crRNAs) to guide specialized nucleases to foreign nucleic acids. The activation of these nucleases is controlled by a series of molecular checkpoints that ensure precise cleavage of nucleic acid targets, while minimizing toxic off-target cleavage events. In this review, we highlight recent advances in understanding regulatory mechanisms responsible for controlling the activation of these nucleases and identify emerging regulatory themes conserved across diverse CRISPR systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conformational regulation of CRISPR-associated nucleases

Jackson

Erp

Sternberg

et al. 2017

Current Opinion in Microbiology

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“…Moreover, ethical concerns could also emerge regarding the impact on public health and the environment of using CRISPR/ Cas in plants. However, the use of this system already represents an emerging market, with CRISPR/Cas applications spanning a wide range of industries including research, agricultural and biomedical [64]. The agricultural applications described in this literature review represent only the very first, initial uses of this exciting technology, and we can expect many more valuable opportunities for agriculture in the near future.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of CRISPR systems in plant genome editing: toward new opportunities in agriculture

Ricroch

Clairand

Harwood

2017

Emerging Topics in Life Sciences

195

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Initially discovered in bacteria and archaea, CRISPR-Cas9 is an adaptive immune system found in prokaryotes. In 2012, scientists found a way to use it as a genome editing tool. In 2013, its application in plants was successfully achieved. This breakthrough has opened up many new opportunities for researchers, including the opportunity to gain a better understanding of plant biological systems more quickly. The present study reviews agricultural applications related to the use of CRISPR systems in plants from 52 peerreviewed articles published since 2014. Based on this literature review, the main use of CRISPR systems is to achieve improved yield performance, biofortification, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, with rice (Oryza sativa) being the most studied crop.

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“…If complementarity between the guide RNA and target DNA extends beyond the seed sequence, a DNA R-loop is directionally formed [ 29 , 47 , 48 ], which triggers subsequent nicking by the Cas effector nucleases (i.e., Cas3, Cas9, Cpf1) at particular locations defined by a ruler-anchor mechanism. The literature includes many reviews that cover the history [ 49 – 52 ], biology [ 3 – 5 , 53 – 56 ] and applications [ 57 – 63 ] of CRISPR-Cas systems.…”

Section: Crispr-cas Systems and Adaptive Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%