The higher exercise intensity and the presence of allele I of ACE gene elicit a higher post-exercise blood pressure reduction and nitric oxide release in elderly women: an experimental study

Abstract

BackgroundThe absence of the I allele of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene has been associated with higher levels of circulating ACE, lower nitric oxide (NO) release and hypertension. The purposes of this study were to analyze the post-exercise salivary nitrite (NO2-) and blood pressure (BP) responses to different exercise intensities in elderly women divided according to their ACE genotype.MethodsParticipants (n = 30; II/ID = 20 and DD = 10) underwent three experimental sessions: incremental test - IT (15 watts workload increase/3 min) until exhaustion; 20 min exercise 90% anaerobic threshold (90% AT); and 20 min control session without exercise. Volunteers had their BP and NO2- measured before and after experimental sessions.ResultsDespite both intensities showed protective effect on preventing the increase of BP during post-exercise recovery compared to control, post-exercise hypotension and increased NO2- release was observed only for carriers of the I allele (p < 0.05).ConclusionGenotypes of the ACE gene may exert a role in post-exercise NO release and BP response.

Post-exercise hypotension of normotensive young men through track running sessions

“…Also, the PEH reduces the incidence of coronary heart disease, stroke and mortality in the general population 28 . The reductions in post-exercise BP observed in our study corroborate the findings of other studies that investigated the submaximal PEH 16,24,29 , as well as those who analyzed the maximum PEH 10,21,24,[30][31][32][33] even though, in some cases, in different populations and age groups. According to Jones et al 34 , the PEH appears to be clinically similar after exercise of high intensity and short duration when compared to the exercise of moderate intensity and longer duration.…”

“…Santana et al 24 observed that both maximum and submaximal exercises showed a protective effect on preventing the increase of BP during post-exercise recovery compared to control group in thirty hypertensive elderly women. These authors also found an increase in post-exercise salivary nitrite release that could be related to the endothelial oxide nitric release, probably because of the shear stress throughout the endothelium 25 caused by the prior exercise.…”

Influência do polimorfismo I/D do gene da eca na HPE de jovens normotensos

“…Visto que apenas quatro indivíduos possuíam genótipo II, optou-se pela união dos genótipos II e ID a fim de proporcionar adequada comparação entre os grupos genotípicos, procedimento também utilizado anteriormente por Pescatello et al 12 e Santana et al 13 . As frequências genotípica e alélica dos dois grupos apresentaram um maior percentil do grupo genotípico DD (42,3%) e alélica D (63,5%).…”

“…De maneira geral, poucos estudos analisaram a influência de mutações gênicas sobre a HPE 4,8,12,13 , sendo que destes apenas um foi conduzido em população jovem e normotensa 8 . A nossa hipótese é que indivíduos carreadores do alelo I para a mutação I/D no gene da ECA apresentem HPE de maior magnitude.…”

“…Ademais, estes autores observaram que a vasodilatação endotélio-dependente encontrava-se aumentada nos atletas de endurance que apresentavam o genótipo II da ECA. Por fim, de acordo com Santana et al 13 , idosas carreadoras do alelo "I" obtiveram maior HPE e maior biodisponibilidade de óxido nítrico, ou seja, maior capacidade vasodilatadora do endotélio.…”