The Health-Seeking Behavior among Malaysian Adults in Urban and Rural Areas Who Reported Sickness: Findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2019

Noh, Sarah Nurain Mohd; Jawahir, Suhana; Tan, Yeung R’ong; Rahim, Iqbal Ab; Tan, Ee Hong

doi:10.3390/ijerph19063193

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…While hospitals continue to serve as referral centers for those with cirrhosis and offer laboratory support for HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) testing, not all people who inject drugs (PWID) seek medical care despite the high incidence of HCV [ 20 , 21 ]. Currently, active case-finding for HCV in Malaysia focuses on individuals receiving opioid substitution therapy (OST) in PHC centers [ 21 , 22 ]. Furthermore, logistical barriers associated with specimen delivery and lengthy laboratory turnaround times in PHC centers, especially in remote locations, remain unaddressed [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing feasibility of a modified same-day test-and-treat model for hepatitis C among rural people who inject drugs

Hassan

Chan

Nordin³

et al. 2023

Harm Reduct J

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Background Despite advancements in hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment, low uptake among hard-to-reach populations remains a global issue. The current study aimed to assess the feasibility of a modified same-day test-and-treat model in improving HCV care for people who inject drugs (PWID) living in resource-constrained rural areas. Methods A pilot study was conducted in four primary healthcare (PHC) centers in Malaysia. The model's key features included on-site HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) testing using a shared GeneXpert® system; noninvasive biomarkers for cirrhosis diagnosis; and extended care to PWID referred from nearby PHC centers and outreach programs. The feasibility assessment focused on three aspects of the model: demand (i.e., uptake of HCV RNA testing and treatment), implementation (i.e., achievement of each step in the HCV care cascade), and practicality (i.e., ability to identify PWID with HCV and expedite treatment initiation despite resource constraints). Results A total of 199 anti-HCV-positive PWID were recruited. They demonstrated high demand for HCV care, with a 100% uptake of HCV RNA testing and 97.4% uptake of direct-acting antiviral treatment. The rates of HCV RNA positivity (78.4%) and sustained virologic response (92.2%) were comparable to standard practice, indicating the successful implementation of the model. The model was also practical, as it covered non-opioid-substitution-therapy-receiving individuals and enabled same-day treatment in 71.1% of the participants. Conclusions The modified same-day test-and-treat model is feasible in improving HCV care for rural PWID. The study finding suggests its potential for wider adoption in HCV care for hard-to-reach populations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing feasibility of a modified same-day test-and-treat model for hepatitis C among rural people who inject drugs

Hassan

Chan

Nordin³

et al. 2023

Harm Reduct J

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“…From ten articles included, eight [15][16][17][18]20,[22][23][24] were community-based cross-sectional studies while two 19,21 were health facility-based cross-sectional studies. The total study participants recruited in the study was 63,498 adults with NCDs.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Study Included In the Review And Meta-ana...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This meta-analysis identifies different factors associated with health-seeking behavior for non-communicable diseases worldwide. Among these are older age > 60, 15,17 having hypertension OR urban residency, 15 being female gender, 17 Educational status high school and above, 17,23 getting support during treatment, being hospitalized in the past, alcohol consumption, 20 being government employed, perceived as having good health status, 22 presence of NCD in the family members, knowledge of NCD risks, having more than one NCD, presence of health insurance, needing health care counseling, and economic class being middle and upper. 24…”

Section: Factors Associated With Health-seeking Behavior For Non-comm...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Health-seeking behavior among non-communicable disease patients globally, systematic review and meta-analysis

Anagaw,

Melaku Mazengia,

Bogale

et al. 2023

SAGE Open Medicine

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Introduction: Non-communicable disease contributes to over 42 million deaths worldwide and it is estimated that 86% of non-communicable disease-related mortalities happen in low and middle-income countries. Understanding health-seeking behaviors like initiating care at the right time, with the right provider and maintaining regularity of care seeking is a prelude for a successful management of non-communicable diseases. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the pooled prevalence of health-seeking behavior for non-communicable disease and associated factors worldwide. Method: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis checklist guideline was followed for this review and meta-analysis. Electronic data base, PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, Web of science, Google scholar and Science direct were used to retrieve studies reported in English language with publication year since 2018 worldwide. Studies reporting proportion of health-seeking behavior for non-communicable disease were evaluated. The pooled prevalence, odds ratio and confidence interval were calculated using Stata version 17 software. The quality of studies included in this review was checked using modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale for observational study checklist. Result: Ten studies which involved 63,498 patients with non-communicable disease were included in this review. The pooled estimated proportion of health-seeking behavior among non-communicable diseases patients from health facilities were 56% (95% CI: 44–68). Older age > 60, urban residency, being of female gender, high educational status, getting support during treatment, knowledge on non-communicable disease, having more than one non-communicable disease, presences of health insurance and middle and upper economic class were factors positively associated with health-seeking behavior for non-communicable diseases. Conclusion: Despite the fact that more than half of patients with non-communicable diseases have health-seeking behavior in health facilities, still, there are a considerable number of individuals with non-communicable diseases having no health-seeking behavior worldwide. Therefore, organizations working for the welfare of human betterment would do well in implementing strategies that could improve health-seeking behavior that would help to reduce the burdens on health systems and prevent premature death from non-communicable diseases.

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“…Geographic factors in uence access to healthcare considerably [25,26] which in turn contribute to the gap in health equity across the urban and rural setting [27]. Access to dental care is important for the population to receive basic preventive services and education, which would enable early intervention of oral diseases [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is also no published study on factors associated with healthcare seeking and self-medication among Malaysian adults who self-reported dental problems in the urban and rural areas that can be generalized to the entire Malaysian population. Several studies have used healthcare seeking and self-medication as proxy for health-seeking behaviors [6, 25,43]. In this study, the Andersen behavioural model was adopted due to its popularity and ease of application in understanding healthcare utilisation [44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of health-seeking behaviour of Malaysian adults in urban and rural areas pertaining to oral health issues: findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2019

Tan

Jawahir

Doss

2023

Preprint

Self Cite

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Background: The development and implementation of appropriate strategies to enhance oral health in the community can be aided by an understanding of oral health-seeking behaviour among urban and rural populations. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors associated with oral health-seeking behaviour of the Malaysians in urban and rural locations who self-reported dental problems. Methods: The National Health and Morbidity Survey 2019, a cross-sectional nationwide household survey that focused on non-institutionalised Malaysians, provided the data for this study on adults in Malaysia who were 18 years of age and older. Data was collected using a multilingual (Malay and English), structured, and validated questionnaire via face-to-face interviews from July to October 2019. Complex sample descriptive statistics were used to describe the characteristics and oral health-seeking behaviour of the respondents. The relationship between predictors (predisposing, enabling, and health needs factor) and oral health-seeking behaviours were investigated using multivariable logistic regression analysis (sought healthcare and self-medication). Results: The analysis comprised a total of 10,134 respondents, or about 18.2 million Malaysian adults ages 18 and above. The overall prevalence of Malaysian adults who self-reported dental problems was low (5.5%) and was slightly higher in the rural than urban population. Almost half sought treatment from healthcare practitioners (HCPs), and almost a quarter self-medicated. Ethnicity was associated with seeking healthcare and self-medication among urban dwellers. Among the rural population, income level was associated with seeking healthcare while education level was associated with self-medication. Conclusion: Disparities in oral health-seeking behaviours exist between Malaysians living in urban and rural areas. Future policies should adopt focused strategies that concentrate on oral healthcare accessibility and health literacy of the vulnerable and rural populations to achieve the best oral healthcare for this population group.

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The Health-Seeking Behavior among Malaysian Adults in Urban and Rural Areas Who Reported Sickness: Findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2019

Cited by 10 publications

References 68 publications

Assessing feasibility of a modified same-day test-and-treat model for hepatitis C among rural people who inject drugs

Assessing feasibility of a modified same-day test-and-treat model for hepatitis C among rural people who inject drugs

Health-seeking behavior among non-communicable disease patients globally, systematic review and meta-analysis

Comparison of health-seeking behaviour of Malaysian adults in urban and rural areas pertaining to oral health issues: findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2019

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