The Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point for the base of the Turonian Stage of the Cretaceous: Pueblo, Colorado, U.S.A.

Kennedy, W. J.; Walaszczyk, Ireneusz; Cobban, William A.

doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2005/v28i2/003

Cited by 118 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The Cretaceous Western Interior Basin of North America (Fig. B) has a well‐established inoceramid bivalve and ammonite biostratigraphy (Kauffman et al ., ; Cobban et al ., ), has excellent geochonological control from radiometrically dated volcanic ash bands (Obradovich, ; Meyers et al ., ; Sageman et al ., ), includes key intervals with astrochronological time scales (Sageman et al ., ; Meyers et al ., ), and hosts the GSSP for the base Turonian Stage (Kennedy et al ., ). The occurrence of common bentonites throughout the Western Interior succession offers unique potential for geochronological calibration of the Cretaceous timescale using paired 40 Ar/ 39 Ar sanidine and U–Pb zircon ages.…”

Section: Global Correlation Of Turonian Carbon Isotope Curvesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Unfortunately, intercontinental correlation of Western Interior successions has been hampered by: taxonomic issues with inoceramid assemblages; a dominance of endemic ammonite faunas in the post‐Cenomanian section; the general absence of echinoderms and other stenohaline taxa; and basin restriction and the presence of siliciclastic sediments in many intervals limiting the use of planktonic foraminifera and calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy. However, carbon isotope chemostratigraphy has been successfully applied for high‐resolution correlation of the base Turonian GSSP to Europe (Gale et al ., ; Kennedy et al ., ), and offers great potential to develop more refined Turonian correlations between North America and other successions globally.…”

Section: Global Correlation Of Turonian Carbon Isotope Curvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Intercontinental correlation of organic carbon and carbonate stable isotope records: evidence of climate and sea‐level change during the Turonian (Cretaceous)

Jarvis

Trabucho‐Alexandre

Gröcke

et al. 2015

The Depositional Record

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Carbon (d 13 C org , d 13 C carb ) and oxygen (d 18 O carb ) isotope records are presented for an expanded Upper Cretaceous (Turonian-Coniacian) hemipelagic succession cored in the central Bohemian Cretaceous Basin, Czech Republic. Geophysical logs, biostratigraphy and stable carbon isotope chemostratigraphy provide a high-resolution stratigraphic framework. The d 13 C carb and d 13 C org profiles are compared, and the time series correlated with published coeval marine and non-marine isotope records from Europe, North America and Japan. All previously named Turonian carbon isotope events are identified and correlated at high-resolution between multiple sections, in different facies, basins and continents. The viability of using both carbonate and organic matter carbon isotope chemostratigraphy for improved stratigraphic resolution, for placing stage boundaries, and for intercontinental correlation is demonstrated, but anchoring the time series using biostratigraphic data is essential. An Early to Middle Turonian thermal maximum followed by a synchronous episode of stepped cooling throughout Europe during the Middle to Late Turonian is evidenced by bulk carbonate and brachiopod shell d18 O carb data, and regional changes in the distribution and composition of macrofaunal assemblages. The Late Turonian Cool Phase in Europe was coincident with a period of long-term sea-level fall, with significant water-mass reorganization occurring during the mid-Late Turonian maximum lowstand. Falling D 13 C (d 13 C carb -d 13 C org ) trends coincident with two major cooling pulses, point to pCO 2 drawdown accompanying cooling, but the use of paired carbon isotopes as a high-resolution pCO 2 proxy is compromised in the low-carbonate sediments of the Bohemian Basin study section by diagenetic overprinting of the d 13 C carb record. Carbon isotope chemostratigraphy is confirmed as a powerful tool for testing and refining intercontinental and marine to terrestrial correlations.

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Section: Global Correlation Of Turonian Carbon Isotope Curvesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Global Correlation Of Turonian Carbon Isotope Curvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercontinental correlation of organic carbon and carbonate stable isotope records: evidence of climate and sea‐level change during the Turonian (Cretaceous)

Jarvis

Trabucho‐Alexandre

Gröcke

et al. 2015

The Depositional Record

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“…The latter nannofossil event is placed in an interval that falls between the FO of the bivalve Mytiloides hattini (0.3 m below the CTB that is marked by the FO of the ammonite Watinoceras devonense) and just below the FO of the planktonic foraminiferal species Helvetoglobotruncana helvetica, 0.9 m above the CTB ( fig. 9 in Kennedy et al 2005). In the Arobes section, the H. chiastia LO is situated above the FO of Quadrum gartneri.…”

Section: Biostratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In several regions -that is, Eastbourne (UK), Pueblo, Colorado (USA), western Morocco and the Eastern Alps of Austria (Paul et al 1999;Tsikos et al 2004;Kennedy et al 2005;Gertsch et al 2010;Pavlishina & Wagreich 2012) -the FO of Q. gartneri is situated towards the top of the d 13 C positive excursion marking the end of OAE2.…”

Section: Stable Isotopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cretaceous Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 in the Arobes section, northern Spain: nannofossil fluctuations and isotope events

Bernárdez

Kaiho

Lamolda

2013

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The Cenomanian-Turonian boundary interval of the Arobes section, northern Spain, represents the maximum depth of a relatively shallow succession. The investigated section extends within the Rotalipora cushmani and Whiteinella archaeocretacea planktonic foraminiferal zones, and from UC3 up to UC8 nannofloral zones, respectively. The Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE2) is about 16 m thick and includes a positive d 13 C excursion, from 3 up to 5.5‰. The first peak of d 13 C is situated towards the upper part of the Rotalipora cushmani planktonic foraminiferal zone, while the second peak of d 13 C is situated in the lower part of the Whiteinella archaeocretacea planktonic foraminiferal zone. The plateau, the youngest phase of OAE2, ends slightly above the first occurrence (FO) of the nannofossil Quadrum gartneri. Based on nannofloral fluctuation, an unstable environment is recognized from the last occurrence (LO) of the nannofossil Axopodorhabdus albianus up to the FO of the nannofossil Quadrum gartneri. Mesotrophic, eutrophic and oligotrophic nannofossils have successive peaks throughout the OAE2. In the lower part of OAE2, especially in the trough phase and second build-up, productivity increased. The calcareous dinoflagellate Thoracosphaera spp. peaks up to almost 30% in the lower part of the second build-up phase. The critical nannofloral turnover episode is characterized by impoverished calcareous nannofossil assemblages and temporary disappearances of high-fertility taxa, such as Biscutum constans and Zeugrhabdotus erectus. This shift in nannofloral assemblages starts in the last stages of OAE2; that is, towards the top of the second build-up phase and also covers the main part of the plateau phase of d 13 C.

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“…(1998). In view of the fact that Watinoceras devonense marks the base of the Turonian in the United States Western Interior (Kennedy et al. 2005), this species is of great biostratigraphical interest.…”

Section: Geographical and Stratigraphical Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft–part preservation in heteromorph ammonites from the Cenomanian–Turonian Boundary Event (OAE 2) in north–west Germany

Klug¹,

Riegraf²,

Lehmann³

2012

Palaeontology

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From thinly laminated marlstones of the Hesseltal Formation, representing the Late Cenomanian Oceanic Anoxic Event (OAE) 2, at Lengerich in the Teutoburger Wald (Westfalen, north‐west Germany), 17 sediment‐compacted baculitid ammonites with carbonised and partially phosphatised soft parts are recorded. Some preserve remains of the buccal mass, including jaws (occasionally articulated) and radulae, as well as of the cephalic cartilage, such as eye capsules. Such have not yet been recorded previously for the order Ammonoidea. In addition, originally unmineralised parts found preserved in these specimens include extensive portions of the digestive tract, the siphonal tube, false colour patterns (megastriae), as well as traces of what would appear to be the oviduct. At the same levels, patches with numerous isolated horny upper and rarer lower jaws as well as radulae occur; these may represent regurgitates or faeces of larger predators. The cephalopod remains described were deposited in an epicontinental setting, possibly at palaeodepths between 200 and 600 m. In this particular Late Cretaceous fossil Lagerstätte, upper jaws and anaptychi of ammonites rank among the commonest fossils.

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The Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point for the base of the Turonian Stage of the Cretaceous: Pueblo, Colorado, U.S.A.

Cited by 118 publications

References 42 publications

Intercontinental correlation of organic carbon and carbonate stable isotope records: evidence of climate and sea‐level change during the Turonian (Cretaceous)

Intercontinental correlation of organic carbon and carbonate stable isotope records: evidence of climate and sea‐level change during the Turonian (Cretaceous)

Cretaceous Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 in the Arobes section, northern Spain: nannofossil fluctuations and isotope events

Soft–part preservation in heteromorph ammonites from the Cenomanian–Turonian Boundary Event (OAE 2) in north–west Germany

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