The genetic diversity of native, stocked and hybrid populations of marble trout in the Soca river, Slovenia

Berrebi, Patrick; Povž, Meta; Jeseňsek, Dušan; Cattaneo-Berrebi, G.; Crivellì, Alain J.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2540.2000.00753.x

Cited by 98 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, more recent studies of Cortey et al (2004) seem to suggest that this point of view looks appropriate for earlier divergence originating the Atlantic (AT), Ponto-Caspian (DA) and Mediterranean groups (the common branch for the AD, MA and ME lineages), but the high secondary intergradation described in the Mediterranean basin between the AD, MA and ME lineages (e.g. Giuffra et al 1996b;Apostolidis et al 1997;Berrebi et al 2000;Sanz Ball-llosera et al 2002) could be due to a rapid parapatric process involving central (AD and MA lineages) and western (ME lineage) European areas. Our results, showing three different lineages in a restricted area such as central Italy, seem to be in line with the view of Cortey et al (2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeographic inferences on the native brown trout mtDNA variation in central Italy

Splendiani

Giovannotti

Cerioni

et al. 2006

Italian Journal of Zoology

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Genetic diversity was analysed in Salmo trutta populations living in an area of central Italy by sequencing 310 bp of the 59 end of the mtDNA control region (D-loop) and by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of three mtDNA segments. Data show a genetic structure profoundly altered by stockings with allochthonous material of Atlantic origin. In fact, 15 of the RFLP haplotypes detected are linked to an Atlantic sequence. The remaining 9 were instead coupled with sequences representing the three major phylogenetic lineages previously identified in the Mediterranean basin (Adriatic, marmoratus, and Mediterranean), representing the native genetic diversity of brown trout in that area. The close genetic affinity observed between these latter haplotypes and those found in the Balkan peninsula by other authors seems to be in accordance with a recent, natural, history of dispersion between the two borders of the Adriatic Sea. These results appear significant from a conservation point of view as, in spite of the massive stocking with hatchery-reared specimens, they highlight the persistence of Salmo trutta native genetic diversity in central Italy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeographic inferences on the native brown trout mtDNA variation in central Italy

Splendiani

Giovannotti

Cerioni

et al. 2006

Italian Journal of Zoology

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“…Skjern River trout is just one among several examples of salmonid populations that have been admixed with exogenous conspecifics. We expect that in several similar cases molecular markers could reveal remnants of the original, non-admixed population (Berrebi et al 2000;Nielsen, Hansen & Loeschcke 2001). Our study demonstrates the usefulness of analysing historical samples for this purpose.…”

Section:     mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic restoration of a stocked brown trout Salmo trutta population using microsatellite DNA analysis of historical and contemporary samples

Hansen¹,

Bekkevold²,

Jensen

et al. 2006

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Summary1. Gene flow from domesticated to wild populations is a major threat to wild salmonid fish. However, few studies have addressed how populations could be restored after admixture has occurred. We analysed the prospects for restoring the previously intensively stocked brown trout population of the Skjern River, Denmark, by identifying remaining nonadmixed individuals to be used for supportive breeding. 2. We analysed microsatellite DNA markers in historical (1940 -50s) and contemporary (1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004) samples from the Skjern River system, from the strain of domesticated trout previously used for stocking, and from the neighbouring Storå River. We analysed admixture proportions to estimate the genetic contribution by domesticated trout. We identified non-admixed trout using assignment tests, and further analysed the possible sources of indigenous trout by estimating contemporary migration among populations. 3. Genetic differentiation between the historical Storå and Skjern river populations was low ( θ ST = 0·004), suggesting considerable gene flow in the past. The contemporary Skjern and Storå river populations and a supportive breeding brood stock were strongly admixed, but some non-admixed individuals nevertheless remained in the wild-caught samples. In addition, two resident populations in isolated tributaries were found to be indigenous. The indigenous anadromous individuals from the Skjern River were unlikely to have been recruited from either the isolated tributary populations or the neighbouring Storå River and were presumably derived from unidentified spawning sites in the river system. 4. All but one non-admixed anadromous Skjern River trout were females, which we ascribed to sampling bias. Moreover, all non-admixed fish were late-spawning (JanuaryFebruary) whereas the majority of all trout caught for the study were ripe by NovemberDecember. The difference in spawning time could be an important factor delaying complete admixture of domesticated and indigenous trout. 5. Synthesis and applications. This study demonstrates the feasibility of restoring populations that have been admixed with exogenous individuals, by identifying non-admixed individuals using genetic markers. However, the results also highlight the problem that numbers of identified non-admixed individuals may be small, necessitating identification of nearby, closely related populations that can be incorporated into breeding programmes.

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“…More recently, new statistical developments such as Bayesian inference of the population of origin of individuals (Pritchard et al, 2000) have significantly improved possibilities for analysing admixture between stocked and indigenous fish populations, both at the population and individual levels Koskinen et al, 2002a;Hansen, 2002). This makes it possible not only to identify introgressed and nonintrogressed indigenous populations, but also to identify introgressed and non-introgressed individuals within stocked populations, thereby providing a tool to conserve and restore remnant indigenous gene pools (Berrebi et al, 2000;Nielsen et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic introgression between wild and stocked salmonids and the prospects for using molecular markers in population rehabilitation: the case of the Adriatic grayling (Thymallus thymallus L. 1785)

Sušnik

Berrebi

Dovč³

et al. 2004

Heredity

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In the north Adriatic basin, a morphologically and genetically distinct lineage of grayling is found, designated as the Adriatic grayling. In Slovenia, the Adriatic grayling is restricted to the Soča river system, where it is critically endangered. The most pertinent threat is stocking with nonnative, highly divergent Sava (Danubian) drainage stock, and this activity has been going on for more than four decades. The present study was designed to characterise the genetic structure of the Adriatic grayling in Slovenia, with particular emphasis on estimating the degree of introgression with nonindigenous stocked grayling. We analysed polymorphism at 154 microsatellite loci in samples representing grayling from the Adriatic and Danubian drainage stock. A relatively high number (12) of alleles, diagnostic for the Adriatic grayling, were identified. However, a correspondence analysis based on individual multilocus genotypes also revealed that there is no distinctive Adriatic group but rather a dispersed multitude of individuals that cannot be unambiguously distinguished from the more homogenous Danubian population. A Bayesian analysis of individual admixture coefficients confirmed this pattern and revealed extensive introgression between the Adriatic grayling and stocked grayling of Danubian origin. Average individual admixture coefficients showed that only between 50 and 60% of the original gene pools remained, and only few non-introgressed indigenous individuals could be identified. Microsatellite-based individual admixture analysis appear to be an important tool for identifying remaining non-introgressed indigenous individuals that could be used for restoring the original populations.

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The genetic diversity of native, stocked and hybrid populations of marble trout in the Soca river, Slovenia

Cited by 98 publications

References 19 publications

Phylogeographic inferences on the native brown trout mtDNA variation in central Italy

Phylogeographic inferences on the native brown trout mtDNA variation in central Italy

Genetic restoration of a stocked brown trout Salmo trutta population using microsatellite DNA analysis of historical and contemporary samples

Genetic introgression between wild and stocked salmonids and the prospects for using molecular markers in population rehabilitation: the case of the Adriatic grayling (Thymallus thymallus L. 1785)

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